ReviewFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association2020
The under-reported role of toxic substance exposures in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Review in Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mycotoxin Monitoring, Regulation and Analysis in India: A Success Story.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Modifiable contributing factors to COVID-19: A comprehensive review.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2023Review
- Organophosphorus Pesticides as Modulating Substances of Inflammation through the Cholinergic Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The High-Effective Catalytic Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene by Mn-Corrolazine Regulated by Oriented External Electric Field: Insight From DFT Study.Frontiers in chemistry · 2022Article
- Contributing factors common to COVID‑19 and gastrointestinal cancer.Oncology reports · 2022Review
- Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Infectious Diseases: From Endocrine Disruption to Immunosuppression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) and Herb-Induced Liver Injury (HILI): Diagnostic Algorithm Based on the Quantitative Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- How Do Inflammatory Mediators, Immune Response and Air Pollution Contribute to COVID-19 Disease Severity? A Lesson to Learn.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Thrombosis and Haemostasis challenges in COVID-19 - Therapeutic perspectives of heparin and tissue-type plasminogen activator and potential toxicological reactions-a mini review.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2021Review
- Alcohol- and Cigarette-Use Related Behaviors During Quarantine and Physical Distancing Amid COVID-19 in Indonesia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Common contributing factors to COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease.Toxicology reports · 2021Article
- Why are we vaccinating children against COVID-19?Toxicology reports · 2021Article
- Improved strategies to counter the COVID-19 pandemic: Lockdowns vs. primary and community healthcare.Toxicology reports · 2021Article
- Zinc and SARS‑CoV‑2: A molecular modeling study of Zn interactions with RNA‑dependent RNA‑polymerase and 3C‑like proteinase enzymes.International journal of molecular medicine · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and its clinical implications: An integrative overview of the pharmacotherapeutic management of COVID-19.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Review
- Advancing COVID-19 differentiation with a robust preprocessing and integration of multi-institutional open-repository computer tomography datasets for deep learning analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- [Comment] COVID‑19 vaccine safety.International journal of molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Vaccine- and natural infection-induced mechanisms that could modulate vaccine safety.Toxicology reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and previous pandemics have been viewed almost exclusively as virology problems, with toxicology problems mostly being ignored. This perspective is not supported by the evolution of COVID-19, where the impact of real-life exposures to multiple toxic stressors degrading the immune system is followed by the SARS-CoV-2 virus exploiting the degraded immune system to trigger a chain of events ultimately leading to COVID-19. This immune system degradation from multiple toxic stressors (chemical, physical, biological, psychosocial stressors) means that attribution of serious consequences from COVID-19 should be made to the virus-toxic stressors nexus, not to any of the nexus constituents in isolation. The leading toxic stressors (identified in this study as contributing to COVID-19) are pervasive, contributing to myriad chronic diseases as well as immune system degradation. They increase the likelihood for comorbidities and mortality associated with COVID-19. For the short-term, tactical/reactive virology-focused treatments are of higher priority than strategic/proactive toxicology-focused treatments, although both could be implemented in parallel to reinforce each other. However, for long-term pandemic prevention, toxicology-based approaches should be given higher priority than virology-based approaches. Since current COVID-19 treatments globally ignore the toxicology component almost completely, only limited benefits can be expected from these treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.