Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32804280›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2021

Progression of sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease: a 5-year longitudinal study.

Zheyu Xu, Kirstie N Anderson, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Rachael A Lawson, K Ray Chaudhuri, David Brooks, Nicola Pavese

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The effect of Gua Sha therapy on Parkinson's disease with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Changes in sleep characteristics in Parkinson's disease: a prospective 5-year follow-up study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Progress of Immunotherapies in Parkinson's Disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Update on sleep disorders in advanced Parkinson's disease: a narrative review.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zheyu XuDepartment of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
Kirstie N AndersonTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Seyed Ehsan SaffariCentre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Rachael A LawsonTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
K Ray ChaudhuriParkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence at Kings' College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
David BrooksTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Nicola PaveseTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. nicola.pavese@newcastle.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6801-6194

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSleep disorders can occur in early Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between different sleep disturbances and their longitudinal evolution has not been fully explored.

objectiveTo describe the frequency, coexistence, and longitudinal change in excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), insomnia, and probable REM sleep behavior disorder (pRBD) in early PD.

methodsData were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). EDS, insomnia, and pRBD were defined using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, MDS-UPDRS Part I sub-item 1.7, and RBD screening questionnaire.

results218 PD subjects and 102 controls completed 5 years of follow-up. At baseline, 69 (31.7%) PD subjects reported one type of sleep disturbance, 25 (11.5%) reported two types of sleep disturbances, and three (1.4%) reported all three types of sleep disturbances. At 5 years, the number of PD subjects reporting one, two, and three types of sleep disturbances was 85 (39.0%), 51 (23.4%), and 16 (7.3%), respectively. Only 41(18.8%) patients were taking sleep medications. The largest increase in frequency was seen in insomnia (44.5%), followed by EDS (32.1%) and pRBD (31.2%). Insomnia was the most common sleep problem at any time over the 5-year follow-up. The frequency of sleep disturbances in HCs remained stable.

conclusionsThere is a progressive increase in the frequency of sleep disturbances in PD, with the number of subjects reporting multiple sleep disturbances increasing over time. Relatively a few patients reported multiple sleep disturbances, suggesting that they can have different pathogenesis. A large number of patients were not treated for their sleep disturbances.

Indexed as

Parkinson DiseaseREM Sleep Behavior DisorderSleep Wake DisordersHumansLongitudinal StudiesSleepEDSInsomniaParkinson’s diseasePPMIRBDSleep

Identifiers

PMID32804280
PMCPMC7815601

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.