ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2020
New instrument for quantitative measurements of passive duction forces and its clinical implications.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Novel System for Measuring Tension Force in Eyeball Movement.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Novel Device for Intraoperative Quantitative Measurements of Extraocular Muscle Tensile Strength.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Risk of consecutive esotropia after surgery for intermittent exotropia according to passive duction force.PloS one · 2023Article
- Quantitative measurement of passive duction force tension in intermittent exotropia and its clinical implications.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeEvaluating the passive duction force of the extraocular muscles is important for the diagnosis of and surgical planning for strabismus. This is especially relevant in patients with an observable limitation of duction movement. The purpose of this study was to validate passive duction forces in healthy subjects using a novel instrument.
methodsAn instrument for making continuous quantitative measurements of passive duction forces was designed. Tension was measured as the eyeball was rotated horizontally or vertically from the resting position under general anesthesia 10 mm (50°) away from the direction of force to be tested (opposite side).
resultsSeventy eyes of 35 subjects were enrolled in this study (age range of 4-80 years and mean age of 36.3 years). The passive duction force was measured at 49.0 ± 15.3 g (mean ± standard deviation) for medial rotation, 44.8 ± 13.2 g for lateral rotation, 50.5 ± 14.8 g for superior rotation, and 53.5 ± 13.8 g for inferior rotation. The passive duction forces were similar for all gaze positions, but it was larger for inferior rotation than for lateral rotation (P = 0.009). The passive duction force was significantly larger for vertical rotation (51.9 ± 14.4 g) than for horizontal rotation (46.9 ± 14.4 g) (P = 0.006). The passive duction force did not differ significantly with sex (P = 0.355), side (P = 0.087), or age (P = 0.872).
conclusionsThese measurements of passive duction forces in a healthy population provide valuable information for diagnosing specific strabismic problems and could be useful for increasing the precision of strabismus surgery. Graphical abstract.
Indexed as
Identifiers
32803326What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.