ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology case reports2020
Ritonavir associated maculopathy- multimodal imaging and electrophysiology findings.
Article in American journal of ophthalmology case reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory mechanisms contributing to retinal alterations in HIV infection and long-term ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Review
- A Rare Case of Didanosine-Induced Mid-Peripheral Chorioretinal Atrophy Identified Incidentally 11 Years after the Drug Cessation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Update on Retinal Drug Toxicities.Current ophthalmology reports · 2021Review
- Retinopathy Associated With Ritonavir Treatment for HIV Infection: A Case Series Reappraisal in the COVID-19 Era.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
- Human immunodeficiency virus ocular involvement and retinopathy: Clinical spectrum and management strategies.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo report the case 47-year-old patient presenting with severe maculopathy associated with long-term ritonavir treatment.
methodsObservational case report of one patient and literature review.
resultsA 47 year-old Caucasian man presented with progressive bilateral vision loss for the past 5 years. His medical history included Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfection since 1992. He was treated by highly active antiretroviral therapy for 24 years including 4 years of didanosine treatment and 18 years of ritonavir treatment. Bilateral extensive macular atrophy with foveal sparing on the left eye and absence of midperipheral/peripheral retina involvement was confirmed on multimodal imaging and functional testing including swept-source OCT angiography and electroretinography.
conclusionRitonavir associated maculopathy is a scarcely described medication-associated retinopathy. In this case, an extensive macular atrophy (with complete loss of photoreceptor, RPE and choriocapillaris layers) and subsequent cone-rod dysfunction appeared after 18 years of ritonavir exposure.
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