ArticleMolecular therapy oncolytics2020
Analysis and Augmentation of the Immunologic Bystander Effects of CAR T Cell Therapy in a Syngeneic Mouse Cancer Model.
Article in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular matrix-targeted TNC-scFv armoring enhances CAR T cell persistence and antitumor activity in solid tumors.Science advances · 2026Article
- Ultrasound controllable and antigen-independent killing viaMolecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- A tumor-on-a-chip for in vitro study of CAR-T cell immunotherapy in solid tumors.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Multimodal profiling of CAR T cells against glioblastoma using a microengineered 3D tumor-on-a-chip model.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Therapy-Related Cardiovascular Events in Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- NR2F6 deletion revives CAR-T cell function and induces antigen-agnostic immune memory in solid tumors.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Optimizing CAR T cell therapy for solid tumours: a clinical perspective.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Synthetic NKG2D receptor (SNR) armored CAR-T cells overcome antigen heterogeneity of solid tumor.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- PD-1 Blockade Mitigates Surgery-Induced Immunosuppression and Increases the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Pleural Mesothelioma.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- A Spatially Distributed Microneedle System for Bioorthogonal T Cell-Guided Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Potent and durable control of mesothelin-expressing tumors by a novel T cell-secreted bi-specific engager.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Proton pump inhibitor attenuates acidic microenvironment to improve the therapeutic effects of MSLN-CAR-T cells on the brain metastasis.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Mathematical modeling insights into improving CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors with bystander effects.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Small cell, big promises: targeting small cell lung cancer with CAR T cells.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Bispecific BCMA/CD24 CAR-T cells control multiple myeloma growth.Nature communications · 2024Article
- CAR T cell therapy for patients with solid tumours: key lessons to learn and unlearn.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Universal CAR 2.0 to overcome current limitations in CAR therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A novel type-2 innate lymphoid cell-based immunotherapy for cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of adoptive transfer of T cells transduced with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) has been limited in the treatment of solid cancers, partly due to tumor antigen heterogeneity. Overcoming lack of universal tumor antigen expression would be achieved if CAR T cells could induce bystander effects. To study this process, we developed a system where CAR T cells targeting mesothelin could cure tumors containing 100% antigen-positive cells in immunocompetent mice. Using this model, we found that the CAR T cells were unable to cure tumors, even when only 10% of the tumor cells were mesothelin negative. A bystander effect was not induced by co-administration of anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, or anti-TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) antibodies; agonistic CD40 antibodies; or an IDO (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor. However, pretreatment with a non-lymphodepleting dose of cyclophosphamide (CTX) prior to CAR T cells resulted in cures of tumors with up to 25% mesothelin-negative cells. The mechanism was dependent on endogenous CD8 T cells but not on basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 3 (BATF3)-dependent dendritic cells. These data suggest that CAR T cell therapy of solid tumors, in which the targeted antigen is not expressed by the vast majority of tumor cells, will not likely be successful unless combination strategies to enhance bystander effects are used.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.