ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2020
Antimicrobial Resistance of
Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Prevalence of Neospora caninum in Domestic Pigs (Sus domesticus) and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Wastewater-based surveillance of ESKAPE pathogens in resource-limited countries (RLCs): an essential tool for monitoring antibiotic resistance.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2026Review
- Genetic diversity ofJournal of water and health · 2026Article
- Culture-Based Wastewater Surveillance for the Detection and Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcal Species.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Distribution of Mupirocin Resistance in Nasal Carriers of Methicillin-resistantArchives of Razi Institute · 2025Article
- Drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients and hospital effluent: a correlation?BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- A Review on the Prevalence and Treatment of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Hospital Wastewater.Toxics · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Genetic Landscape ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Overview of Antimicrobial Resistant ESKAPEE Pathogens in Food Sources and Their Implications from a One Health Perspective.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes and factors associated with cirrhosis, fatty liver, and viral load: A registry-based cross-sectional cohort study in Western Iran during 1999-2023.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Research of Antibiotic Residues and Bacterial Strain's Antibiotic Resistance Profile in the Liquid Effluents Evacuated in Nature by Two CHUs and a Mixed WWTP of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- High Frequency of the EMRSA-15 Clone (ST22-MRSA-IV) in Hospital Wastewater.Microorganisms · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHospital wastewater contains highly resistant and virulent bacteria that can spread into the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant
methodsDuring a three-month period, 40 sewage samples were collected from the hospital sewage (Kermanshah, Iran), and
resultsEleven and eight percent of the isolates were MRSA in raw and treated sewage samples, respectively. Out of 60 isolates, 59 (98%) were multidrug resistant (MDR). The most common ARGs were mecA (raw=100%, treated=100%), aacA-D (raw=100%, treated=85%) and tetK (raw =95%, treated =45%) in MRSA, while the tetM gene was the most abundant gene (raw=50%, treated=80%) in MSSA. None of isolates (n=60) was positive for the vanB gene. MSSR (n=20) had the highest level of resistance against penicillin (100%), clindamycin (raw=90%, treated=90%), azithromycin (raw=80%, treated=90%). All MRSA isolates (n=40,100%) in both raw and treated sewage samples were non-susceptible to penicillin, oxacillin and azithromycin. There was no significant difference in the frequency AR and ARGs between raw and treated sewage samples (p>0.05).
conclusionThe results indicated a high frequency of MDR and ARGs in both raw and treated sewage isolates which could be released into the environment through sewage system and pose a serious threat to public health. Hospital wastewater treatment processes should be improved in order to prevent the dissemination of the most resistant strains of
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