Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32801956›Full record

ArticlePsychology research and behavior management2020

Psychological Distress and Signs of Post-Traumatic Stress in Response to the COVID-19 Health Emergency in a Mexican Sample.

Leivy Patricia González Ramírez, Reyna Jazmín Martínez Arriaga, Martha Alicia Hernández-Gonzalez, José María De la Roca-Chiapas

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychology research and behavior management, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mexican Population: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among people influenced by coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: A meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2021
    Pooled it
  4. Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Healthcare Workers Dealing with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
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  10. COVID-19-Related Stressors and Clinical Mental Health Symptoms in a Northeast US Sample.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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  20. Fear of COVID-19 Scale for Hospital Staff in Regional Hospitals in Mexico: a Brief Report.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Leivy Patricia González RamírezSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico De Monterrey, Guadalajara Campus, Guadalajara, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-2952-2836
Reyna Jazmín Martínez ArriagaDepartment of Population Health, Tonalá University Centre, University of Guadalajara, Tonalá, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-0146-7660
Martha Alicia Hernández-GonzalezDivision head of Health Research, Highly Specialized Medical Unit No, 1 of the Bajio, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), León, México.ORCID 0000-0002-6903-2233
José María De la Roca-ChiapasDepartment of Psychology, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-2563-403X
Mexican Social Security Institute · MXTecnológico de Monterrey · MXUniversidad de Guadalajara · MXUniversidad de Guanajuato · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 prevention measures, such as social isolation, on a Mexican sample.

methodsWe conducted an online sociodemographic and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) survey during the second phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Mexico to evaluate the presence of psychological distress, signs of post-traumatic stress, and to identify the groups at highest risk in the sample.

resultsPrevalence of psychological distress at moderate or severe levels in the sample were as follows: 943 (22%) intrusive thoughts, 933 (22.3%) avoidance, and 515 (12.2%) hyperarousal. Furthermore, we found the symptoms of clinically significant post-traumatic stress in 1160 (27.7%) of the participants. The variables positively correlated with higher psychological distress were as follows: age (younger), sex (female), employment (employed), relationship status (single), in social isolation, number of days in isolation, the number of people in the household (3-5), and a perception of a high risk of contracting COVID-19, change in routine, engaging in less activity, and loss of income.

conclusionDuring phase 2 of the COVID-19 outbreak in Mexico, we observed the presence of psychological distress and post-traumatic stress symptoms in over a quarter of the population. This investigation may guide mental health interventions and policies towards the groups that are most vulnerable to the impacts of the social and lifestyle changes taking place in Mexico due to COVID-19.

Indexed as

coronavirusImpact of Event Scale-Revisedintrusive thoughtsmental healthstress

Identifiers

PMID32801956
PMCPMC7398879
OpenAlexW3045108169

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.