Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32801687›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2020

Development and in vitro Evaluation of Gastro-protective Aceclofenac-loaded Self-emulsifying Drug Delivery System.

Chen Jianxian, Kalsoom Saleem, Muhammad Ijaz, Masood Ur-Rehman, Ghulam Murtaza, Mulazim Hussain Asim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Chen JianxianSchool of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Kalsoom SaleemRiphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad IjazCOMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-4452-9726
Masood Ur-RehmanRiphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Ghulam MurtazaCOMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Mulazim Hussain AsimInstitute of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.ORCID 0000-0003-1910-9615
COMSATS University Islamabad · PKRiphah International University · PKCapital University of Economics and Business · CNUniversität Innsbruck · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimChronic use of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is commonly associated with gastric irritation and gastric ulceration. Therefore, the aim of study was to develop a novel oral drug delivery system with minimum gastric effects and improved dissolution rate for aceclofenac (ACF), a model BCS class-II drug.

methodsSelf-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) were formulated to increase the solubility and ultimately the oral bioavailability of ACF. Oleic acid was used as an oil phase, Tween 80 (T80) and Kolliphor EL (KEL) were used as surfactants, whereas, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and propylene glycol (PG) were employed as co-surfactants. Optimized formulations (F1, F2, F3 and F4) were analyzed for droplet size, poly dispersity index (PDI), cell viability studies, in vitro dissolution in both simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid, ex vivo permeation studies and thermodynamic stability.

resultsThe optimized formulations showed mean droplet sizes in the range of 111.3 ± 3.2 nm and 470.9 ± 12.52 nm, PDI from 244.6 nm to 389.4 ± 6.51 and zeta-potential from -33 ± 4.86 mV to -38.5 ± 5.15 mV. Cell viability studies support the safety profile of all formulations for oral administration. The in vitro dissolution studies and ex vivo permeation analysis revealed significantly improved drug release ranging from 95.68 ± 0.02% to 98.15 ± 0.71% when compared with control. The thermodynamic stability studies confirmed that all formulations remain active and stable for a longer period.

conclusionIn conclusion, development of oral SEDDS might be a promising tool to improve the dissolution of BCS class-II drugs along with significantly reduced exposure to gastric mucosa.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalBiological AvailabilityCaco-2 CellsCell SurvivalDiclofenacDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationEmulsionsExcipientsHumansMaleNanostructuresPolyethylene GlycolsPolysorbatesaceclofenacAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDiclofenacEmulsionsExcipientspolyethylene glycol 400Polyethylene GlycolsPolysorbatesProtective AgentsSurface-Active AgentsBCS class-IIgastric irritationgastro-protectivenano-emulsionself-emulsificationsolubility

Identifiers

PMID32801687
PMCPMC7384876
OpenAlexW3044828380

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.