ArticleVeterinary world2020
Occurrence of oxytetracycline residues in milk samples from Palakkad, Kerala, India.
Article in Veterinary world, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Approaches to Raise Awareness About Antimicrobial Resistance in Farmers and Veterinarians of India.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Glyphosate Promotes the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Intestine: An Overlooked Environmental Risk.Toxics · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Residues in Milk as a Consequence of Mastitis Treatment: Balancing Animal Welfare and One Health Risks.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Electrochemical Aptasensor with Antifouling Properties for Label-Free Detection of Oxytetracycline.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of a Lateral-Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for the Detection of Oxytetracycline Residues in Biological Fluids.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Assessment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Symptoms and Gut-Liver Axis Status in Zebrafish after Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics and Oxytetracycline, Alone and in Combination.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in bovine milk in India.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimFood of animal origin such as milk is vital for nutritional security and should be free of any antibiotic residues due to its public health significance. We designed a study aiming to determine the occurrence of antibiotic residues and in further levels of oxytetracycline residues in pooled raw milk samples from Palakkad district, Kerala. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe collected pooled raw milk samples were collected from Alathur, Chittoor, and Palakkad blocks of Palakkad district, Kerala. A total of 215 samples were screened for antibiotic residues by microbial inhibition assay (MIA) and the positive samples were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine oxytetracycline residues, this was further confirmed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
resultsWe found that out of the 215 pooled raw milk samples screened for antibiotic residues using MIA, 22 samples (10.23%) were positive for antibiotic residues from Palakkad, Kerala. Out of these 22 samples, five (2.33%) were positive for oxytetracycline residues. We further calculated the mean concentration of oxytetracycline residues in these five samples and estimated it to be 201.00±41.25 ng/mL and 272.11±53.21 ng/mL using ELISA and HPLC, respectively. On analyzing these five samples, we found that four samples (1.86%) exceeded the maximum residue limits level of 100 ng/mL for oxytetracycline residues in milk as specified by Codex Alimentarius Commission/Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
conclusionThis study revealed that the occurrence of oxytetracycline residues in pooled raw milk samples in the Palakkad district of Kerala. Hence, there is a need for surveillance and monitoring of antibiotic residues in milk due to its impact on public health to ensure consumer safety.
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