ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2020
Imprecise action selection in substance use disorder: Evidence for active learning impairments when solving the explore-exploit dilemma.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06332963 (Interoceptive Mechanisms of Body Image Disturbance in Anorexia Nervosa), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Interoceptive Mechanisms of Body Image Disturbance in Anorexia Nervosa
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A review on exploration-exploitation trade-off in psychiatric disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2024Pooled it
- Neurobehavioral differences in value-based decision making between people with cocaine use disorder and controls.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Predictive Processing in Sport and Exercise Science: A Scoping Review and Theoretical Overview.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Conative inference as a mechanism of allostatic resilience: wanting to be and being to want.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Computational mechanisms of learning and forgetting differentiate affective and substance use disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The relationship between regular substance use and cost comparisons in stable and volatile learning contexts.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Attenuated learning rates for negative outcomes in substance use disorders: A replication and extension of prior longitudinal computational modeling results.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Decision-Making in Repeated Games: Insights from Active Inference.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Individuals with methamphetamine use disorder show reduced directed exploration and learning rates independent of an aversive interoceptive state induction.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- Counteracting uncertainty: exploring the impact of anxiety on updating predictions about environmental states.Biological cybernetics · 2025Article
- Signatures of Perseveration and Heuristic-Based Directed Exploration in Two-Step Sequential Decision Task Behaviour.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Impaired arbitration between reward-related decision-making strategies in Alcohol Users compared to Alcohol Non-Users: a computational modeling study.NPP - digital psychiatry and neuroscience · 2025Article
- Kipiyecipakiciipe ("coming home"): a study protocol for a multi-method investigation of culturally grounded resilience against substance-use among Shawnee adults.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Deep computational neurophenomenology: a methodological framework for investigating the how of experience.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2025Article
- Reviewing explore/exploit decision-making as a transdiagnostic target for psychosis, depression, and anxiety.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- Transdiagnostic failure to adapt interoceptive precision estimates across affective, substance use, and eating disorders: A replication and extension of previous results.Biological psychology · 2024Article
- The Relationship Between Environmental Statistics and Predictive Gaze Behaviour During a Manual Interception Task: Eye Movements as Active Inference.Computational brain & behavior · 2024Article
- Impulsivity, trauma history, and interoceptive awareness contribute to completion of a criminal diversion substance use treatment program for women.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Active learning impairments in substance use disorders when resolving the explore-exploit dilemma: A replication and extension of previous computational modeling results.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSubstance use disorders (SUDs) are a major public health risk. However, mechanisms accounting for continued patterns of poor choices in the face of negative life consequences remain poorly understood.
methodsWe use a computational (active inference) modeling approach, combined with multiple regression and hierarchical Bayesian group analyses, to examine how treatment-seeking individuals with one or more SUDs (alcohol, cannabis, sedatives, stimulants, hallucinogens, and/or opioids; N = 147) and healthy controls (HCs; N = 54) make choices to resolve uncertainty within a gambling task. A subset of SUDs (N = 49) and HCs (N = 51) propensity-matched on age, sex, and verbal IQ were also compared to replicate larger group findings.
resultsResults indicate that: (a) SUDs show poorer task performance than HCs (p = 0.03, Cohen's d = 0.33), with model estimates revealing less precise action selection mechanisms (p = 0.004, d = 0.43), a lower learning rate from losses (p = 0.02, d = 0.36), and a greater learning rate from gains (p = 0.04, d = 0.31); and (b) groups do not differ significantly in goal-directed information seeking.
conclusionsFindings suggest a pattern of inconsistent behavior in response to positive outcomes in SUDs combined with a tendency to attribute negative outcomes to chance. Specifically, individuals with SUDs fail to settle on a behavior strategy despite sufficient evidence of its success. These learning impairments could help account for difficulties in adjusting behavior and maintaining optimal decision-making during and after treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.