ArticlePsychological medicine2022
Both unmedicated and medicated individuals with schizophrenia show impairments across a wide array of cognitive and reinforcement learning tasks.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07196423 (Glutamate Changes as a New Neurocognitive Marker in Psychosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Glutamate Changes as a New Neurocognitive Marker in Psychosis
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reinforcement learning deficits in at-risk mental state for psychosis: the role of primary negative symptoms.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Probing biomarkers and clinical utility of reward learning across species using the Probabilistic Reward Task: 20 years of findings.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Impaired Contour Object Perception in Psychosis.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Relationships between cognition and symptoms across mood and psychotic disorders.Psychiatry research · 2025Article
- The impact of aripiprazole on neurocognitive function in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: A comparison with olanzapine and non-antipsychotic treatment.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Motivation and Pleasure Deficits Undermine the Benefits of Social Affiliation in Psychosis.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2024Article
- A measure of reliability convergence to select and optimize cognitive tasks for individual differences research.Communications psychology · 2024Article
- Impaired contour object perception in psychosis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Transdiagnostic Predictors of Everyday Functioning: Examining the Relationships of Depression and Reinforcement Learning.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal Alterations in Working Memory-Related Beta Band Neuromagnetic Activity of Patients With Schizophrenia On and Off Antipsychotic Medication: Investigation With MEG.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Reduced learning bias towards the reward context in medication-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSchizophrenia is a disorder characterized by pervasive deficits in cognitive functioning. However, few well-powered studies have examined the degree to which cognitive performance is impaired even among individuals with schizophrenia not currently on antipsychotic medications using a wide range of cognitive and reinforcement learning measures derived from cognitive neuroscience. Such research is particularly needed in the domain of reinforcement learning, given the central role of dopamine in reinforcement learning, and the potential impact of antipsychotic medications on dopamine function.
methodsThe present study sought to fill this gap by examining healthy controls (
resultsIndividuals with schizophrenia who were not taking antipsychotic medications, as well as those taking antipsychotic medications, showed pervasive deficits across cognitive domains including reinforcement learning, processing speed, cognitive control, working memory, verbal learning and relational encoding and retrieval. Further, we found that chlorpromazine equivalency rates were significantly related to processing speed and working memory, while there were no significant relationships between anticholinergic load and performance on other tasks.
conclusionsThese findings add to a body of literature suggesting that cognitive deficits are an enduring aspect of schizophrenia, present in those off antipsychotic medications as well as those taking antipsychotic medications.
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