Trial reportEuropean journal of medical research2020
Antimicrobial peptides in human synovial membrane as (low-grade) periprosthetic joint infection biomarkers.
Trial report in European journal of medical research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Ongoing Struggle to Find a Gold Standard for PJI Diagnosis.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Review
- Article
- Differences in the Synovial Fluid Proteome of Septic and Aseptic Implant Failure.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diagnosis and Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infections by Staphylococcus aureus after Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2024Article
- Article
- The Challenge of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis: From Current Methods to Emerging Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Fetal Immunomodulatory Environment Following Cartilage Injury-The Key to CARTILAGE Regeneration?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- GraXRS-Dependent Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to Human Osteoarthritic Synovial Fluid.mSphere · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSafe diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is of utmost importance for successful exchange arthroplasty. However, current diagnostic tools show insufficient accuracy in the clinically common and challenging chronic low-grade infections. To close this diagnostic gap, reliable (bio)markers display the most promising candidates. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune response towards microbial growth. Recently we could show significant intraarticular levels of human cathelicidin LL-37 and β-defensin-3 (HBD-3) with high diagnostic accuracy in PJI synovial fluid. Consequently, these promising biomarkers were evaluated in PJI synovial membrane and synoviocytes, which may significantly facilitate histological diagnosis of PJI to improve outcome of septic joint replacement.
methodsIn this prospective single-center controlled clinical study (diagnostic level II), consecutive patients with total hip (THR) and knee (TKR) replacements were included undergoing primary arthroplasty (n = 8), surgical revision due to aseptic loosening (n = 9) and septic arthroplasty with coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 8) according to the criteria of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS). Semiquantitative immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of LL-37, HBD-3 and HBD-2 in synovial membrane and isolated synoviocytes based on Total Allred Score (TS) and Immunoreactive Remmele and Stegner score (IRS) was performed. For statistical analysis, SPSS 26.0/R3.6.3 (p < 0.05) was used.
resultsThe AMPs LL-37 and HBD-3 were significantly elevated (up to 20×) in synovial membranes from PJI compared to aseptic loosening or primary arthroplasty. The area under the curve (AUC) in a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was equal to 1.0 for both scores revealing excellent diagnostic accuracy. Isolated synoviocytes as cellular AMP source showed comparable results with a significant LL-37/HBD-3-increase up to 3 × in PJI. In contrast, local HBD-2 levels were negligible (p > 0.23) upon PJI with a lower diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.65) in analogy to our previous findings with synovial fluid.
conclusionsOur results implicate AMPs as promising and specific biomarkers for the histological diagnosis of PJI.
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