ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2020
In vivo length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic high flexion.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy of functional alignment in total knee arthroplasty in restoring in vivo cruciate ligament forces and knee kinematics compared with mechanical alignment.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Article
- The effect of weight-bearing status on kinematics and cruciate ligament force in normal knees.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Medial stability and lateral flexibility of the collateral ligaments during mid-range flexion in medial-pivot total knee arthroplasty patients demonstrates favorable postoperative outcomes.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty procedure reduced tensile force in the middle and posterior components of lateral collateral ligament during deep knee flexion activities with no effect on tensile force of the medial collateral ligament.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Cruciate ligament force of knees following mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is larger than the preoperative value.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew studies compared the length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo length change of ligaments of the normal knees during high flexion.
methodsEight normal knees were investigated. Each volunteer performed squatting, kneeling, and cross-leg motions. Each sequential motion was performed under fluoroscopic surveillance in the sagittal plane. The femoral, tibial, and fibular attachment areas of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) were determined according to osseous landmarks. After 2D/3D registration, the direct distance from the femoral attachment to the tibial or fibular attachment was measured as the ligament length.
resultsFrom 20° to 90° with flexion, the ACL was significantly shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting. For the PCL, dMCL, sMCL, and LCL, there were no significant differences among the 3 motions.
conclusionThe ACL was shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting in mid-flexion. This suggests that the ACL is looser during cross-leg motion than during squatting. On the other hand, the length change of the PCL, MCL, and LCL did not change even though the high flexion motions were different.
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