ArticleAnnals of neurology2020
Paramagnetic Rim Lesions are Specific to Multiple Sclerosis: An International Multicenter 3T MRI Study.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 100 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of the Degree of Demyelination and Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Detected by Brain Positron Emission Tomography With Amyloid Markers (PET-CT 18F-Florbetaben) and Comparison With MRI Findings
Investigation of Smoldering Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
Validation and Standardization of Paramagnetic Rim Lesion (PRL) Identification in Multiple Sclerosis Across MAGNIMS Centers - From Scientific Setting Towards Clinical Applicability
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Expert Panel Consensus Guidelines of the German Society of Neuroradiology on the Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Multiple Sclerosis.Clinical neuroradiology · 2026Guideline
- Central vein sign and paramagnetic rim lesions in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis and implications for cognitive and clinical progression: a systematic review of advanced neuroimaging studies.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Choroid plexus volume in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of an emerging imaging biomarker.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Associations between chronic active lesions and clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Pooled it
- Reliability of paramagnetic rim lesion classification on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in people with multiple sclerosis: Single-site experience and systematic review.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Pooled it
- The prevalence of paramagnetic rim lesions in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Oral Cladribine on TSPO-PET-Measurable Immune Cell Activation in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Use of MRI in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease - MAGNIMS consensus recommendations.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Article
- Challenges and future directions for multiple sclerosis after the 2024 McDonald diagnostic criteria.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- AI-Powered Gradient Echo Plural Contrast Imaging (AI-GEPCI)-A Comprehensive Neurological Protocol From a Single MRI Scan.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Beyond Relapses: A Multimodal Biomarker Framework for Progression Independent of Relapse Activity and Smouldering Multiple Sclerosis.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Depression as a Disease of White Matter Network Disruption: Learning From Multiple Sclerosis.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- TAnnals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Complex Deep Neural Networks for Denoising Ultra-Fast Submillimeter T2*-weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.European journal of radiology artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of the Cervical Spinal Cord at 3T and Application to Multiple Sclerosis.NMR in biomedicine · 2026Article
- Cognition in multiple sclerosis within the modern diagnostic and treatment era.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic performance of central vein sign and paramagnetic rim lesion integration for multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- When is the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome already Multiple Sclerosis According to the 2024 McDonald Criteria?Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic active white matter lesions are identifiable on magnetic resonance imaging by their paramagnetic rims, and increasing evidence supports their association with severity of clinical disease. We studied their potential role in differential diagnosis, screening an international multicenter clinical research-based sample of 438 individuals affected by different neurological conditions (MS, other inflammatory, infectious, and non-inflammatory conditions). Paramagnetic rim lesions, rare in other neurological conditions (52% of MS vs 7% of non-MS cases), yielded high specificity (93%) in differentiating MS from non-MS. Future prospective multicenter studies should validate their role as a diagnostic biomarker. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:1034-1042.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.