ArticleOncology2020
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Biopsy Specimens Obtained 7 Days after Starting Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer Are Predictors of the Response to Chemoradiotherapy.
Article in Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- From bench to bedside: advancing our understanding of radioresistance in rectal cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- The Tumour Immune Microenvironment as a Predictor of the Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Rectal Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- Overcoming the Challenge: A Comprehensive Review of Neoadjuvant Treatment Resistance in Rectal Cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2025Review
- The immune microenvironment of cancer of the uterine cervix.Histology and histopathology · 2024Review
- CD8JCO precision oncology · 2024Review
- Stromal or intraepithelial tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes: which one has more prognostic significance in cervical cancer?Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- The molecular mechanism of actions and clinical utilities of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in gastrointestinal cancers: a comprehensive review and future prospects toward personalized medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- A type I interferon footprint in pre-operative biopsies is an independent biomarker that in combination with CD8Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- CD11cOncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- Combination of Changes in CEA and CA199 Concentration After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Could Predict the Prognosis of Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Total Mesorectal Excision.Cancer management and research · 2022Article
- Biomarkers and cell-based models to predict the outcome of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer patients.Biomarker research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by total mesorectal excision surgery is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported to be associated with tumor response; however, this remains to be established. We previously reported that histological changes on biopsy specimens obtained 7 days after starting nCRT are strong predictors of response to nCRT.
methodsThe subjects were 208 patients with LARC who received nCRT. TILs on hematoxylin-eosin staining together with immunohistochemical staining of lymphocyte surface markers including CD3, CD4, CD8, and FoxP3 were performed both on the biopsy specimens before and 7 days after starting nCRT.
resultsThe proportions of patients with high densities of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and FoxP3+ cells 7 days after starting CRT were significantly lower than the respective values before starting nCRT (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0023, and p = 0.0046). In biopsy specimens obtained before treatment, high-density CD4+ cells and FOXP3+ cells were significantly associated with tumor shrinkage rate. High-density FOXP3+ cells were significantly associated with marked tumor regression. In biopsy specimens obtained 7 days after starting treatment, high-density CD4+ cells were significantly associated with marked tumor regression, tumor regression grade 1, and tumor shrinkage rate. High-density FoxP3+ cells were significantly associated with marked tumor regression and tumor shrinkage rate.
conclusionsIn patients who received nCRT for LARC, the evaluations of immunohistochemical staining for CD4+ and FOXP3+ TILs were more intimately related to histological response to CRT and tumor shrinkage rates in biopsy specimens obtained 7 days after starting treatment than in biopsy specimens obtained before CRT.
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