ArticleThe Science of the total environment2020
To avoid the noncausal association between environmental factor and COVID-19 when using aggregated data: Simulation-based counterexamples for demonstration.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact analysis of environmental and social factors on early-stage COVID-19 transmission in China by machine learning.Environmental research · 2022Article
- A multiplicity of environmental, economic and social factor analyses to understand COVID-19 diffusion.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Shrinkage in serial intervals across transmission generations of COVID-19.Journal of theoretical biology · 2021Article
- Modelling the association between COVID-19 transmissibility and D614G substitution in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: using the surveillance data in California as an example.Theoretical biology & medical modelling · 2021Article
- Limited role for meteorological factors on the variability in COVID-19 incidence: A retrospective study of 102 Chinese cities.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- How Transportation Restriction Shapes the Relationship Between Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide and COVID-19 Transmissibility: An Exploratory Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Initial COVID-19 Transmissibility and Three Gaseous Air Pollutants (NOFrontiers in medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the infectious disease epidemiology, the association between an independent factor and disease incidence (or death) counts may fail to infer the association with disease transmission (or mortality risk). To explore the underlying role of environmental factors in the course of COVID-19 epidemic, the importance of following the epidemiological metric's definition and systematic analytical procedures are highlighted. Cautiousness needs to be taken when understanding the outcome association based on the aggregated data, and overinterpretation should be avoided. The existing analytical approaches to address the inferential failure mentioned in this study are also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.