ArticleMedical hypotheses2020
IL-17A and TNF-α as potential biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome and mortality in patients with obesity and COVID-19.
Article in Medical hypotheses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- FermentedNutrients · 2022Trial
- Lunasin alleviates pulmonary inflammation in A549 alveolar epithelial cells and C57BL6/J mice in obese-mimicking conditions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a predictive model for postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with type A aortic dissection based on the 2023 updated definition.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- A comparative study on proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-17F expressions in whole blood of patients with COVID-19.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 innate immune recognition and implications for respiratory health.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2025Review
- Multiplex Targeted Proteomic Analysis of Cytokine Ratios for ICU Mortality in Severe COVID-19.Proteomes · 2025Article
- Review
- Developing a predictive nomogram for mortality in patients with extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome: the prognostic value of serum soluble thrombomodulin, lung ultrasound score, and lactate.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Psoriasis and biological drugs at the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a mini review outlining risk of infection, seroprevalence, and safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Advances in Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment of ARDS.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Exploring the Network between Adipocytokines and Inflammatory Response in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Prospective Roles of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in COVID-19: Prognosis, Therapeutic and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Influence of transitional care on the clinical manifestations among patients with COVID‑19: A single‑center, double‑blinded, randomized survey.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Observational
- Chloroform Fraction of Prasiola japonica Ethanolic Extract Alleviates UPM 1648a-Induced Lung Injury by Suppressing NF-κB SignalingFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The mosaic of autoimmunity - Finally discussing in person. The 13Autoimmunity reviews · 2022Article
- Association between Immunosuppressive Drugs and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcomes in Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis in a Large US Claims Database.Ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and severity prediction of COVID-19: Opportunities and challenges.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- COVID-19 infection: an overview on cytokine storm and related interventions.Virology journal · 2022Review
- Immune Signature of COVID-19: In-Depth Reasons and Consequences of the Cytokine Storm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic and international health emergency by the World Health Organization. Patients with obesity with COVID-19 are 7 times more likely to need invasive mechanical ventilation than are patients without obesity (OR 7.36; 95% CI: 1.63-33.14, p = 0.021). Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the main causes of death related to COVID-19 and is triggered by a cytokine storm that damages the respiratory epithelium. Interleukins that cause the chronic low-grade inflammatory state of obesity, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant peptide (MCP)-1, and, in particular, IL-17A and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also play very important roles in lung damage in ARDS. Therefore, obesity is associated with an immune state favourable to a cytokine storm. Our hypothesis is that serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-17A are more elevated in patients with obesity and COVID-19, and consequently, they have a greater probability of developing ARDS and death. The immunobiology of IL-17A and TNF-α opens a new fascinating field of research for COVID-19.
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