ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Our Evolving Understanding of Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: Role of the Gut Microbiota.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for allergic rhinitis in children: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Roles of Oxidative Injury and Nitric Oxide System Derangements in Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Increased Risk of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in Patients With a Past History of Kawasaki Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Kawasaki Disease: Unraveling Immunopathogenesis, Genetic Factors, and AI Applications in Diagnosis with a Focus on Iran.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming rewires aberrant immune responses to drive endothelial dysfunction in Kawasaki disease: a narrative review.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Etiology Model of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndromes: Mast Cell Activation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- The gut microbiota and kawasaki disease: exploring the role of microbial dysbiosis and metabolites in pathogenesis and therapeutics.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- The diagnostic accuracy of CC chemokine ligand 23 for Kawasaki disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Multi-omics analyses reveal significant differences in the gut microbiota and metabolites in children with Kawasaki disease in Northwest China.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The correlation and auxiliary diagnostic value of gut microbiota and serological indicators with Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery lesions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Potential Mechanisms and Hypotheses for Pathogenic Microorganisms Triggering Kawasaki Disease.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Cholestasis as a complication in Kawasaki disease: an atypical clinical presentation.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Review
- Swedish Nationwide Study Found That Prematurity Was Associated With Kawasaki Disease.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Gut Instincts: The Gut Microbiome-Cardiovascular Inflammation Axis.Circulation research · 2025Article
- Intestinal Microbiota Contributes to the Development of Cardiovascular Inflammation and Vasculitis in Mice.Circulation research · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota Alterations in Patients With Kawasaki Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Review
- Interplay of gut microbiota in Kawasaki disease: role of gut microbiota and potential treatment strategies.Future microbiology · 2025Review
- Associations of infection burden with Kawasaki disease in a population-based setting during 30 years.RMD open · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) was first described by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki in 1967. The etiology of KD has been studied comprehensively but remains largely unknown. The disease seems to result from the interplay of genetic and environmental susceptibility factors with infectious triggers, followed by a subsequent abnormal immune response characterized by increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines during the acute phase. Evidence has mounted to suggest that an imbalance between T helper 17 cells (Th17s) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is associated with aberrant immune responses in KD. Recent advances in culture-independent techniques for detection and identification of intestinal commensal bacteria enabled the discovery that Th17 and Treg differentiation are regulated by short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in particular butyrate, produced by the gut microbiota. This finding provided a mechanistic link between dysbiosis, defined as changes in the composition of the gut microbiota, and various inflammatory diseases. On this basis, we propose that dysbiosis, with reduced production of SCFAs leading to imbalances of Th17s/Tregs, could be involved in the etiology of KD. A pilot study supported this hypothesis, as only fecal concentrations of butyrate were significantly reduced in KD patients among SCFAs. This evolving perspective prompted us to undertake metagenomic analyses of bacterial DNA from the feces of KD patients who were antibiotic-naïve at diagnosis. Simultaneous measurements of Th17s/Tregs in peripheral blood and SCFA concentrations in feces would provide valuable information regarding the association between dysbiosis and dysregulated immune responses in KD.
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