ReviewSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2020
Non-pharmacological Interventions for Intractable Epilepsy.
Review in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with epilepsy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) for Insomnia Disorder: A Narrative Review of Effectiveness, Mechanisms and Recommendations for Clinical Practice.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Review
- Providing quality care for people with CDKL5 deficiency disorder: A European expert panel opinion on the patient journey.Epilepsia open · 2024Review
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine for People with Epilepsy: Opinions of Physicians in Oman.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- GABAergic and glutamatergic inputs to the medulla oblongata and locus coeruleus noradrenergic pathways are critical for seizures and postictal antinociception neuromodulation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Fighting Epilepsy with Nanomedicines-Is This the Right Weapon?Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Cuproptosis-related genes signature and validation of differential expression and the potential targeting drugs in temporal lobe epilepsy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Analysis of the efficacy and safety of inpatient and outpatient initiation of KD for the treatment of pediatric refractory epilepsy using generalized estimating equations.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Potential role of creatine as an anticonvulsant agent: evidence from preclinical studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Article
- The decreased connectivity in middle temporal gyrus can be used as a potential neuroimaging biomarker for left temporal lobe epilepsy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The role of hippocampus in memory reactivation: an implication for a therapeutic target against opioid use disorder.Current addiction reports · 2022Review
- Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Exploring Inflammatory Status in Febrile Seizures Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: A Two-Step Cluster Approach.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Experimental Therapeutic Strategies in Epilepsies Using Anti-Seizure Medications.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2021Review
- The Effect of Physical Activity on the Orexin and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression on the Kindling Model of Epileptic Rats.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 30% of epileptic individuals, intractable epilepsy represents a problem for the management of seizures and severely affects the patient's quality of life due to pharmacoresistance with commonly used antiseizure drugs (ASDs). Surgery is not the best option for all resistant patients due to its post-surgical consequences. Therefore, several alternative or complementary therapies have scientifically proven significant therapeutic potential for the management of seizures in intractable epilepsy patients with seizure-free occurrences. Various non-pharmacological interventions include metabolic therapy, brain stimulation therapy, and complementary therapy. Metabolic therapy works out by altering the energy metabolites and include the ketogenic diets (KD) (that is restricted in carbohydrates and mimics the metabolic state of the body as produced during fasting and exerts its antiepileptic effect) and anaplerotic diet (which revives the level of TCA cycle intermediates and this is responsible for its effect). Neuromodulation therapy includes vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), responsive neurostimulation therapy (RNS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy (TMS). Complementary therapies such as biofeedback and music therapy have demonstrated promising results in pharmacoresistant epilepsies. The current emphasis of the review article is to explore the different integrated mechanisms of various treatments for adequate seizure control, and their limitations, and supportive pieces of evidence that show the efficacy and tolerability of these non-pharmacological options.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.