ReviewInternational urogynecology journal2020
Review of available national guidelines for obstetric anal sphincter injury.
Review in International urogynecology journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Perineal Massage and Warm Compresses Technique in Postpartum Perineal Pain. A Secondary Analysis from a Randomised Controlled Trial.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Trial
- Use of endoanal ultrasound in detecting obstetric anal sphincter injury immediately after birth.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2023Trial
- IUGA International Guidelines on Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Mode of Subsequent Delivery After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries (OASIs).International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Kicking Off Motherhood: Considering Return to Play Postpartum in the Footballer.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Role of Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Women with Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: Narrative Review.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Evaluating the prognostic association between race and perineal trauma: a systematic review protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Comprehensive Documentation After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Racial/Ethnic Impact on Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: A Multicentric Retrospective Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Care Bundle: A Quality Improvement Initiative.International urogynecology journal · 2024Article
- Episiotomy: Are Indian Obstetricians Getting the Angle Right?Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2024Article
- Overlooked by the obstetric gaze - how women with persistent health problems due to severe perineal trauma experience encounters with healthcare services: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with the perception of perineal laceration: a cross-sectional study with data from the Nascer no Brasil Survey, 2011 and 2012.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2024Article
- Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) in the presence of an intact perineum.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Correlation of anorectal symptoms and endoanal ultrasound findings after obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Risk of Spontaneous Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Following Non-Operative Vaginal Delivery in a High-Risk Cohort.Rhode Island medical journal (2013) · 2023Article
- Under-classified obstetric anal sphincter injuries.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Obstetric anal sphincter injuries and other delivery trauma: a US national survey of obstetrician-gynecologists.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Re: "Isolated rectal buttonhole tears in obstetrics: case series and review of the literature".International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisObstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) are the most severe form of perineal trauma with potentially devastating effects on a mother's quality of life. There are various national guidelines available for their management. The aim of this study was to review and compare recommendations from published national guidelines regarding management and prevention of OASI.
methodsWe searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and COCHRANE databases from January 2008 till October 2019 using relevant Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), including all subheadings. The guideline characteristics were mapped and methodological quality assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool by three independent reviewers. To compare the methodological quality of the guidelines, the interpretation of the six domain scores were taken into consideration. By consensus of the authors, a score of 70% was taken as a cut-off, and scores above this were considered 'high quality'.
resultsThirteen national guidelines on perineal trauma were included and analysed. Nine of these were specific to OASI. There is wide variation in methodological quality and evidence used for recommendations. AGREE scores for overall guideline assessment were > 70% in eight of the guidelines, with Australia-Queensland, Canada, the UK and USA scoring highest.
conclusionsThe wide variation in methodological quality and evidence used for recommendations suggests that there is a need for an agreed international guideline. This will enable healthcare practitioners to follow the same recommendations, with the most recent evidence, and provide evidence-based care to all women globally.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.