ArticlePrimary health care research & development2020
Study protocol on Enhanced Primary Healthcare (EnPHC) interventions: a quasi-experimental controlled study on diabetes and hypertension management in primary healthcare clinics.
Article in Primary health care research & development, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantifying and understanding the roles of diabetes educators in Malaysian primary health clinics: a mixed-methods study.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Article
- Disparities in health services and outcomes by National Health Insurance membership type for ischemic heart disease and stroke in Indonesia: analysis of claims, 2017-2022.Global health research and policy · 2025Article
- A retrospective multicentre study on the outcomes of the pharmacist-managed Diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic programme in primary health clinics across Johor, Malaysia.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2025Article
- Growing Up Unequal: Disparities of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Indonesia's 514 Districts.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Does the Disparity Patterning Differ between Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Hypertension among Adults? Evidence from Indonesia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- District-Level Inequalities in Hypertension among Adults in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis by Sex and Age Group.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Medication Regimen Complexity and Medication Burden Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Optimal cut-off points for adherence measure among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care clinics: a retrospective analysis.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2021Article
- Estimating the prevalence of select non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia using a population-based sample: econometric analysis with natural language processing.Annals of Saudi medicineArticle
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17 authors.
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Abstract
aimThis paper describes the study protocol, which aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention package called 'Enhanced Primary Healthcare' (EnPHC) on the process of care and intermediate clinical outcomes among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. Other outcome measures include patients' experience and healthcare providers' job satisfaction.
backgroundIn 2014, almost two-thirds of Malaysia's adult population aged 18 years or older had T2DM, hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia. An analysis of health system performance from 2016 to 2018 revealed that the control and management of diabetes and hypertension in Malaysia was suboptimal with almost half of the patients not diagnosed and just one-quarter of patients with diabetes appropriately treated. EnPHC framework aims to improve diagnosis and effective management of T2DM, hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia and their risk factors by increasing prevention, optimising management and improving surveillance of diagnosed patients.
methodsThis is a quasi-experimental controlled study which involves 20 intervention and 20 control clinics in two different states in Malaysia, namely Johor and Selangor. The clinics in the two states were matched and randomly allocated to 'intervention' and 'control' arms. The EnPHC framework targets different levels from community to primary healthcare clinics and integrated referral networks.Data are collected via a retrospective chart review (RCR), patient exit survey, healthcare provider survey and an intervention checklist. The data collected are entered into tablet computers which have installed in them an offline survey application. Interrupted time series and difference-in-differences (DiD) analyses will be conducted to report outcomes.
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