ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Maternal Immunity in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Questions of Causality, Validity, and Specificity.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal and neonatal cytokine profiles in a twin cohort: evidence from an exploratory pilot study of perinatal immune dysregulation in autism.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Quantitative proteomics of the miR-301a/SOCS3/STAT3 axis reveals underlying autism and anxiety-like behavior.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- Haemorrhage of human foetal cortex associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Association of maternal autoimmune disease and early childhood infections with offspring autism spectrum disorder: A population-based cohort study.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Maternal levels of acute phase proteins in early pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Maternal Levels of Cytokines in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Astroglia in Autism Spectrum Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Pregnant Mothers' Medical Claims and Associated Risk of Their Children being Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- The Effect of Maternal Immune Activation on Social Play-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization in Rats.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Histamine, Neuroinflammation and Neurodevelopment: A Review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders with unknown heterogeneous aetiologies. Epidemiological studies have found an association between maternal infection and development of ASD in the offspring, and clinical findings reveal a state of immune dysregulation in the pre- and postnatal period of affected subjects. Maternal immune activation (MIA) has been proposed to mediate this association by altering fetal neurodevelopment and leading to autism. Although animal models have supported a causal link between MIA and development of ASD, their validity needs to be explored. Moreover, considering that only a small proportion of affected offspring develop autism, and that MIA has been implicated in related diseases such as schizophrenia, a key unsolved question is how disease specificity and phenotypic outcome are determined. Here, we have integrated preclinical and clinical evidence, including the use of animal models for establishing causality, to explore the role of maternal infections in ASD. A proposed priming/multi-hit model may offer insights into the clinical heterogeneity of ASD, its convergence with related disorders, and therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.