ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Effects of Olfactory and Auditory Enrichment on Heart Rate Variability in Shelter Dogs.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structured Light Music for Stress Adaptation: The BDNF/TrkB Signaling Axis Mediating Neuroplasticity and HPA Axis Regulation.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Welfare Under Transient Pressure: Rethinking Behavioral Assessments and Stress Mitigation for Shelter Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Review
- Behavioral and Physiological Responses of Therapy Dogs to Animal-Assisted Treatment in an Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Program.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effect of classical music on light-plane anaesthesia and analgesia in dogs subjected to surgical nociceptive stimuli.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of indicators of acute emotional states in dogs.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Changes in the Heart Rate of Sniffer Dogs Trained for Detection of Lung Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of Classical Music on Depth of Sedation and Induction Propofol Requirements in Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- The impact of stress and anesthesia on animal models of infectious disease.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Interpretive review: Semiochemicals in domestic pigs and dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Effects of Positive Reinforcement Training and Novel Object Exposure on Salivary Cortisol Levels under Consideration of Individual Variation in Captive African Elephants (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Heart rate as a measure of emotional arousal in evolutionary biology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Do Canine Behavioural Assessments and Characteristics Predict the Human-Dog Interaction When Walking on a Leash in a Shelter Setting?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal shelters can be stressful environments and time in care may affect individual dogs in negative ways, so it is important to try to reduce stress and arousal levels to improve welfare and chance of adoption. A key element of the stress response is the activation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and a non-invasive tool to measure this activity is heart rate variability (HRV). Physiologically, stress and arousal result in the production of corticosteroids, increased heart rate and decreased HRV. Environmental enrichment can help to reduce arousal related behaviours in dogs and this study focused on sensory environmental enrichment using olfactory and auditory stimuli with shelter dogs. The aim was to determine if these stimuli have a physiological effect on dogs and if this could be detected through HRV. Sixty dogs were allocated to one of three stimuli groups: lavender, dog appeasing pheromone and music or a control group, and usable heart rate variability data were obtained from 34 dogs. Stimuli were applied for 3 h a day on five consecutive days, with HRV recorded for 4 h (treatment period + 1 h post-treatment) on the 5th and last day of exposure to the stimuli by a Polar
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