ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Astaxanthin Protects Retinal Photoreceptor Cells against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress by Induction of Antioxidant Enzymes via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astaxanthin enhances migration, Type I and Type III collagen production, and osteogenic differentiation in periodontal ligament fibroblasts under hyperglycemic conditions.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The Potential Role of Microalgal Antioxidant Molecules on the Microbiota-Gut Axis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Tapping the microalgal potential: genetic precision and stress-induction for enhanced astaxanthin and biofuel production.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2025Review
- Astaxanthin promotes apoptosis by suppressing growth signaling pathways in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Marine Derived Strategies Against Neurodegeneration.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Production Methods, Biological Activity and Potential Application Prospects of Astaxanthin.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Carotenoids in Skin Photoaging: Unveiling Protective Effects, Molecular Insights, and Safety and Bioavailability Frontiers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A review of the 661W cell line as a tool to facilitate treatment development for retinal diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Research progress on Nrf2 intervention in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Unveiling the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of syringic acid: mechanistic insights and pathway interactions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Geniposide Attenuates Oxygen-glucose Deprivation/Recovery-induced Retinal Ganglion Cell Injury via Akt/Nrf-2 Signaling Pathway.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- A review on eye diseases induced by blue light: pathology, model, active ingredients and mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Nutraceuticals for Diabetic Retinopathy: Recent Advances and Novel Delivery Systems.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Formononetin ameliorates cisplatin-induced hair cell death via activation of the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2 signaling pathway.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles protect against oxidative stress-induced xenogeneic biological root injury via adaptive regulation of the PI3K/Akt/NRF2 pathway.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Article
- Alleviate oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy: antioxidant therapeutic strategies.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2023Review
- Mechanistic insights into the alterations and regulation of the AKT signaling pathway in diabetic retinopathy.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- Local Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Impair Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- More Than Pigments: The Potential of Astaxanthin and Bacterioruberin-Based Nanomedicines.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Branched-Chain Amino Acids Metabolism and Their Roles in Retinopathy: From Relevance to Mechanism.Nutrients · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication that can lead to severe visual impairment in patients with diabetes. The elevated oxidative stress and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by hyperglycemia have been reported to play an important role in the complex pathogenesis of DR. Astaxanthin (AST), a natural carotenoid derivative, has been recently recognized as a strong free radical scavenger and might, therefore, be beneficial in different diseases, including DR. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of AST as an antioxidative and antiapoptotic agent in protecting retinal cells and also investigated the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in AST-mediated effects. We treated high glucose-cultured mouse photoreceptor cells (661W) with different concentrations of AST and analyzed ROS production and cell apoptosis in the different regimens. Moreover, we also analyzed the expression of PI3K, Akt, Nrf2, and Phase II enzymes after AST treatment. Our results showed that AST dose-dependently reduced ROS production and attenuated 661W cell apoptosis in a high glucose environment. Importantly, its protective effect was abolished by treatment with PI3K or Nrf2 inhibitors, indicating the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. These results suggest AST as a nutritional supplement that could benefit patients with DR.
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