ArticlePublic health nutrition2020
Healthy and unhealthy food environments are linked with neighbourhood socio-economic disadvantage: an innovative geospatial approach to understanding food access inequities.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographically clustered dietary patterns associated with body mass index among nationally represented adults in Malaysia: a substitution analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Mapping the Healthiness of Community Food Environments and Their Association With the Socioeconomic Index for Areas (SEIFA) in the South Coast of NSW.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Diabetic retinopathy in rural communities: a review of barriers to access of care and potential solutions.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- The relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and markers of chronic pain risk: Findings from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk (OK-SNAP).The journal of pain · 2025Article
- A Geographic Weighted Regression Analysis of the Health Opportunity Index and Stroke Prevalence in Health and Human Services Region 3.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Food outlet availability differs according to area socioeconomic status in Denmark.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Associated factors of dental caries among middle-aged adults in Guizhou Province, China (2019-2020).BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Association of mental health status with perceived barriers to healthy diet among Bangladeshi adults: a quantile regression-based approach.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Measuring associations between the food environment and dietary habits: comparing the proportion and density of food outlets.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The Interplay between Structural Inequality, Allostatic Load, Inflammation, and Cancer in Black Americans: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- Unearthing Inequities in the Relationship between Multiple Sociodemographic Factors and Diverse Elements of Park Availability and Quality in a Major Southern Metropolitan Region.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Environment and Epigenetic Age: A Scoping Review.Western journal of nursing research · 2023Article
- The association between the food environment and adherence to healthy diet quality: the Maastricht Study.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Epigenetic age acceleration mediates the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and pain severity in adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis pain.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Food availability and affordability in a Mediterranean urban context: associations by store type and area-level socio-economic status.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study examined the separate relationships between socio-economic disadvantage and the density of multiple types of food outlets, and relationships between socio-economic disadvantage and composite food environment indices.
designCross-sectional data were analysed using geospatial kernel density techniques. Food outlet data included convenience stores, discount stores, fast-food and fast casual restaurants, and grocery stores. Controlling for urbanicity and race/ethnicity, multivariate linear regression was used to examine the relationships between socio-economic disadvantage and density of food outlets.
settingThis study occurred in a large Southeastern US county containing 255 census block groups with a total population of 474 266, of which 77·1 % was Non-Hispanic White, the median household income was $48 886 and 15·0 % of residents lived below 125 % of the federal poverty line.
participantsThe unit of analysis was block groups; all data about neighbourhood socio-economic disadvantage and food outlets were publicly available.
resultsAs block group socio-economic disadvantage increased, so too did access to all types of food outlets. The total food environment index, calculated as the ratio of unhealthy food outlets to all food outlets, decreased as block group disadvantage increased.
conclusionsThose who reside in more disadvantaged block groups have greater access to both healthy and unhealthy food outlets. The density of unhealthy establishments was greater in more disadvantaged areas; however, because of having greater access to grocery stores, disadvantaged populations have less obesogenic total food environments. Structural changes are needed to reduce access to unhealthy food outlets to ensure environmental injustice and reduce obesity risk.
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