Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32781999›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2020

Pertussis outbreak in southern Ethiopia: challenges of detection, management, and response.

Aychiluhim D Mitiku, Mesele D Argaw, Binyam F Desta, Zergu T Tsegaye, Afework A Atsa, Bekele B Tefera, Ephrem Teferi, Deirdre Rogers, Ismael A Beshir, Asrat G Alemu and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Aychiluhim D MitikuUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mesele D ArgawUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. mdamte5@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-6619
Binyam F DestaUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Zergu T TsegayeUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Afework A AtsaDaro Malo Woreda Health Office, Dara Malo, Ethiopia.
Bekele B TeferaUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, Pathfinder International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ephrem TeferiUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Deirdre RogersJSI Research & Training Institute, Inc., Boston, USA.
Ismael A BeshirUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Asrat G AlemuUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Desta A AyesaUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Derebe T AbateUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Agegnehu G SendekuUSAID Transform: Primary Health Care project, JSI Training & Research Institute, Inc. in Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1392, code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Rudzani MuloiwaDepartment of Paediatrics & Child Health, Groote Schuur Hospital & University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the availability of effective vaccines, pertussis remains endemic with high fatality rates in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study aims to describe an outbreak of pertussis in a health district of Ethiopia. The study highlights the challenges faced by the health system in identifying pertussis cases and appropriately responding to the outbreak at the district level.

methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data sourced from the District Public Health Emergency and Management (PHEM) surveillance service and outbreak management field reports. Stratified attack rates and fatality rates for pertussis are described. Systemic problems leading to the outbreak are explored and narrated. A modified CDC pertussis case definition was employed with a polymerase chain reaction used to confirm cases.

resultsFrom September 2018 to January 2019, 1840 suspected, probable, and confirmed pertussis cases and six deaths were identified. Pertussis cases ranged from 1 month to 51 years in age. An outbreak occurred in 14 out of the 24 villages of Dara Malo district. The overall attack rate was 1708 per 100,000 population with a fatality rate of 3.3 per 1000 pertussis cases. The highest attack rate of 12,689/100,000 was seen in infants. Among confirmed, probable and suspected pertussis cases, only 41.1% had completed the three-dose pertussis vaccine's primary schedule. The household survey revealed a population coverage of 73.4 and 40.8% for Pentavalent vaccine dose one and three respectively. Investigations suggested the existence of a poor cold chain management system in the study area.

conclusionsThere is an urgent need to build capacity to strengthen routine vaccination services and improve the maintenance of the vaccine cold chain. Other LMICs are urged to take lessons learned from this outbreak to strengthen their own vaccination programs and capacitate health workers to manage local outbreaks.

Indexed as

Public Health SurveillanceAdolescentAdultBordetella pertussisChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDisease OutbreaksEthiopiaFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantMaleMiddle AgedPertussis VaccinePertussis VaccineDara MaloInvestigationOutbreakPertussisSouthern Ethiopia

Identifiers

PMID32781999
PMCPMC7422551

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.