Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32781795›Full record

ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2020

Multimodal Brain Tumor Classification Using Deep Learning and Robust Feature Selection: A Machine Learning Application for Radiologists.

Muhammad Attique Khan, Imran Ashraf, Majed Alhaisoni, Robertas Damaševičius, Rafal Scherer, Amjad Rehman, Syed Ahmad Chan Bukhari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Muhammad Attique KhanDepartment of Computer Science, HITEC University, Museum Road, Taxila 47080, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-6347-4890
Imran AshrafDepartment of Computer Engineering, HITEC University, Museum Road, Taxila 47080, Pakistan.
Majed AlhaisoniCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81451, Saudi Arabia.
Robertas DamaševičiusFaculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9990-1084
Rafal SchererDepartment of Intelligent Computer Systems, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9592-262X
Amjad RehmanCollege of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3817-2655
Syed Ahmad Chan BukhariDivision of Computer Science, Mathematics and Science, Collins College of Professional Studies, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6517-5261

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Manual identification of brain tumors is an error-prone and tedious process for radiologists; therefore, it is crucial to adopt an automated system. The binary classification process, such as malignant or benign is relatively trivial; whereas, the multimodal brain tumors classification (T1, T2, T1CE, and Flair) is a challenging task for radiologists. Here, we present an automated multimodal classification method using deep learning for brain tumor type classification. The proposed method consists of five core steps. In the first step, the linear contrast stretching is employed using edge-based histogram equalization and discrete cosine transform (DCT). In the second step, deep learning feature extraction is performed. By utilizing transfer learning, two pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) models, namely VGG16 and VGG19, were used for feature extraction. In the third step, a correntropy-based joint learning approach was implemented along with the extreme learning machine (ELM) for the selection of best features. In the fourth step, the partial least square (PLS)-based robust covariant features were fused in one matrix. The combined matrix was fed to ELM for final classification. The proposed method was validated on the BraTS datasets and an accuracy of 97.8%, 96.9%, 92.5% for BraTs2015, BraTs2017, and BraTs2018, respectively, was achieved.

Indexed as

brain tumordeep learning featuresELMfeature fusionfeature selectionhealthcarelinear contrastPLStransfer learning

Identifiers

PMID32781795
PMCPMC7459797

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.