ArticleMitochondrion2020
Characterization and origins of cell-free mitochondria in healthy murine and human blood.
Article in Mitochondrion, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stress and circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA: A systematic review of human studies, physiological considerations, and technical recommendations.Mitochondrion · 2021Pooled it
- Saliva cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) response during physical and cognitive stress.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Horizontal transfer of mitochondria in cancer: The physiology reborn in disease?Trends in cell biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Rethinking Mitochondria: The Extracellular Dimension.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Transplantation in the Eye: A Review and Evaluation of Surgical Approaches.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cardiomyocyte derived extracellular mitochondria in activation of macrophages during oxidative stress.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- From the energy factory to the intercellular communication medium: the emerging role of intercellular mitochondrial transfer and mitochondrial transplantation therapy in diabetes and diabetic complications.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative Analysis of Methodological Aspects of the Study of Extracellular Vesicles and Extracellular Mitochondria: From Isolation to Internalization.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived mitochondria transplantation suppresses sFLT-1 secretion by regulating calcineurin-NFAT-dependent pathways in angiotensin II-induced preeclampsia rats.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Mitochondria beyond boundaries: from cellular powerhouses to intercellular messengers in health and disease.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Transplantation for Ischemic Stroke: A Review of in Vitro and in Vivo Studies.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial transfer: a novel paradigm for wound healing.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
- Understanding cardiovascular aging as a disorder of mitochondrial network.The journal of cardiovascular aging · 2026Article
- Plasma-derived mitochondria as a minimal manipulation alternative for attenuating inflammatory immune responses.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
- Blood and neuronal extracellular vesicle mitochondrial disruptions in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Electron microscopy visualization of cell-free mitochondrial DNA-containing extracellular vesicles in human plasma, serum, and saliva.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Extracellular RNAs in Liquid Biopsy: Applications in MASLD and MASH Diagnosis and Monitoring.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dysfunctional mitochondria in ageing T cells: a perspective on mitochondrial quality control mechanisms.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- The new composition of circulating microvesicles: optimized protocols and reassessment of their characteristics and physiological functions.Life medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intact cell-free mitochondria have been reported in microparticles (MPs) in murine and human bodily fluids under disease conditions. However, cellular origins of circulating extracellular mitochondria have not been characterized. We hypothesize that intact, cell-free mitochondria from heterogeneous cellular sources are present in the circulation under physiological conditions. To test this, circulating MPs were analyzed using flow cytometry and proteomics. Murine and human platelet-depleted plasma showed a cluster of MPs positive for the mitochondrial probe MitoTracker. Transgenic mice expressing mitochondrial-GFP showed GFP positivity in plasma MPs. Murine and human mitochondria-containing MPs were positive for the platelet marker CD41 and the endothelial cell marker CD144, while hematopoietic CD45 labeling was low. Both murine and human circulating cell-free mitochondria maintained a transmembrane potential. Circulating mitochondria were able to enter rho-zero cells, and were visualized using immunoelectron microscopic imaging. Proteomics analysis identified mitochondria specific and extracellular vesicle associated proteins in sorted circulating cell-free human mitochondria. Together the data provide multiple lines of evidence that intact and functional mitochondria originating from several cell types are present in the blood circulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.