ArticleProtein & cell2020
A human circulating immune cell landscape in aging and COVID-19.
Article in Protein & cell, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 194 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
194 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 278 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular senescence in acute human infectious disease: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Understanding the Clinical Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 From the Perspective of Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- Immunotherapy and senolytics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: phase 2 trial results.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Landscape of the Peripheral Immune Response Induced by Local Microwave Ablation in Patients with Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Trial
- Evolution of Human Memory B Cells From Childhood to Old Age.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Blood cell composition reveals distinct biological interpretation of DNA methylation age and age acceleration.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- A late-stage multi-dimensional intervention rescues lethal viral pneumonia in an aged hamster model.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- The long-lived immune system of centenarians.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting immunosenescence in lung diseases: mechanistic insights and clinical interventions.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis of the human immune system reveals sex-specific dynamics of immunosenescence.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Blood as the mirror and modulator of aging: mechanistic insights and rejuvenation strategies.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Circadian Rhythm Disorder-Related Dysfunctions are Exacerbated by Aging and Ameliorated by Time-Restricted Feeding.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Single-Cell Profiling Across Immune Tissues and Organs Reveals Immunosenescence Signatures in Male Rhesus Monkeys.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- ERG phase separation attenuates cellular senescence.iScience · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis of Human Blood Cells Reveals Unique Features of Age-Associated Type 2 CD8 Memory T Cells.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Integrating multi-omic QTLs and predictive models reveals regulatory architectures at immune related GWAS loci in CD4+ T cells.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Sex and age are associated with host immune responses and multi-organ dysfunction in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Immunosenescence modulates radiation-induced anti-tumor immunity: implications for personalized immuno-oncology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bridging aging and colorectal cancer: synergistic roles of inflammaging and immunosenescence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
134 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Age-associated changes in immune cells have been linked to an increased risk for infection. However, a global and detailed characterization of the changes that human circulating immune cells undergo with age is lacking. Here, we combined scRNA-seq, mass cytometry and scATAC-seq to compare immune cell types in peripheral blood collected from young and old subjects and patients with COVID-19. We found that the immune cell landscape was reprogrammed with age and was characterized by T cell polarization from naive and memory cells to effector, cytotoxic, exhausted and regulatory cells, along with increased late natural killer cells, age-associated B cells, inflammatory monocytes and age-associated dendritic cells. In addition, the expression of genes, which were implicated in coronavirus susceptibility, was upregulated in a cell subtype-specific manner with age. Notably, COVID-19 promoted age-induced immune cell polarization and gene expression related to inflammation and cellular senescence. Therefore, these findings suggest that a dysregulated immune system and increased gene expression associated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility may at least partially account for COVID-19 vulnerability in the elderly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.