SynthesisThe Journal of infectious diseases2022
Efficacy of Single-Dose Primaquine With Artemisinin Combination Therapy on Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes and Transmission: An Individual Patient Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of single-dose primaquine to interrupt Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission in children compared with adults: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Single low-dose primaquine for malaria control in Africa: a systematic review of safety, efficacy and implementation barriers.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Safety of single-dose primaquine as a Plasmodium falciparum gametocytocide: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of mass drug administration on malaria incidence in southeast Senegal during 2020-22: a two-arm, open-label, cluster-randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Extension of efficacy range for targeted malaria-elimination interventions due to spillover effects.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Factors affecting haemoglobin dynamics in African children with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria treated with single low-dose primaquine or placebo.BMC medicine · 2023Trial
- A single low dose of primaquine is safe and sufficient to reduce transmission of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes regardless of cytochrome P450 2D6 enzyme activity in Bagamoyo district, Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2022Trial
- Slowing the spread of treatment failure to artemisinin-based combination therapies in Uganda.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Effect of Artemether-Lumefantrine Combined with a Single Dose of Primaquine onTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Article
- The transmission blocking activity of artemisinin-combination, non-artemisinin, and 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial therapies: A pooled analysis of individual participant data.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- An all-in-one pipeline for the in vitro discovery and in vivo testing of Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission blocking drugs.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Post-treatment transmissibility of Plasmodium falciparum infections: an observational cohort study.Malaria journal · 2025Observational
- Article
- Therapeutic efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine combination therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria at Teda Health Centre, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022/23.Malaria journal · 2024Observational
- Mass drug administration to reduce malaria incidence in a low-to-moderate endemic setting: short-term impact results from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Senegal.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- The effect of single low-dose primaquine treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria on haemoglobin levels in Ethiopia: a longitudinal cohort study.Malaria journal · 2024Observational
- Combating antimicrobial resistance in malaria, HIV and tuberculosis.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Assessing emergence risk of double-resistant and triple-resistant genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
35 authors at 20 institutions in 14 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince the World Health Organization recommended single low-dose (0.25 mg/kg) primaquine (PQ) in combination with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in areas of low transmission or artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, several single-site studies have been conducted to assess efficacy.
methodsAn individual patient meta-analysis to assess gametocytocidal and transmission-blocking efficacy of PQ in combination with different ACTs was conducted. Random effects logistic regression was used to quantify PQ effect on (1) gametocyte carriage in the first 2 weeks post treatment; and (2) the probability of infecting at least 1 mosquito or of a mosquito becoming infected.
resultsIn 2574 participants from 14 studies, PQ reduced PCR-determined gametocyte carriage on days 7 and 14, most apparently in patients presenting with gametocytemia on day 0 (odds ratio [OR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], .17-.28 and OR, 0.12; 95% CI, .08-.16, respectively). Rate of decline in gametocyte carriage was faster when PQ was combined with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) compared to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) (P = .010 for day 7). Addition of 0.25 mg/kg PQ was associated with near complete prevention of transmission to mosquitoes.
conclusionsTransmission blocking is achieved with 0.25 mg/kg PQ. Gametocyte persistence and infectivity are lower when PQ is combined with AL compared to DP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.