ArticleScientific reports2020
Transcriptome sequencing supports a conservation of macrophage polarization in fish.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
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- An arginase 2 promoter transgenic line illuminates immune cell polarisation in zebrafish.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- Molecular Actors of Inflammation and Their Signaling Pathways: Mechanistic Insights from Zebrafish.Biology · 2023Review
- The emergence of supergenes from inversions in Atlantic salmon.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Interacting Effects of Sea Louse (Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Potential Antiviral Tripartite Motif Proteins (TRIMs) in Grass Carp (Biology · 2021Article
- Inflammation induces zebrafish regeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2021Review
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- Macrophage Heterogeneity in the Intestinal Cells of Salmon: Hints From Transcriptomic and Imaging Data.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- PRV-1 Infected Macrophages in Melanized Focal Changes in White Muscle of Atlantic Salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Oral Administration ofFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Spleen as a Target to Characterize Immunomodulatory Effects of Down-Stream ProcessedFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Dynamics of Polarized Macrophages and Activated CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Isolation of Skin Leukocytes Uncovers Phagocyte Inflammatory Responses During Induction and Resolution of Cutaneous Inflammation in Fish.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian macrophages can adopt polarization states that, depending on the exact stimuli present in their extracellular environment, can lead to very different functions. Although these different polarization states have been shown primarily for macrophages of humans and mice, it is likely that polarized macrophages with corresponding phenotypes exist across mammals. Evidence of functional conservation in macrophages from teleost fish suggests that the same, or at least comparable polarization states should also be present in teleosts. However, corresponding transcriptional profiles of marker genes have not been reported thus far. In this study we confirm that macrophages from common carp can polarize into M1- and M2 phenotypes with conserved functions and corresponding transcriptional profiles compared to mammalian macrophages. Carp M1 macrophages show increased production of nitric oxide and a transcriptional profile with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, including il6, il12 and saa. Carp M2 macrophages show increased arginase activity and a transcriptional profile with increased anti-inflammatory mediators, including cyr61, timp2b and tgm2b. Our RNA sequencing approach allowed us to list, in an unbiased manner, markers discriminating between M1 and M2 macrophages of teleost fish. We discuss the importance of our findings for the evaluation of immunostimulants for aquaculture and for the identification of gene targets to generate transgenic zebrafish for detailed studies on M1 and M2 macrophages. Above all, we discuss the striking degree of evolutionary conservation of macrophage polarization in a lower vertebrate.
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