ArticleHospital pediatrics2020
Supplementation Practices and Donor Milk Use in US Well-Newborn Nurseries.
Article in Hospital pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- CanDo (Canadian Donor Milk) randomised controlled trial: pasteurised human donor milk supplementation in the well-baby unit - protocol.BMJ open · 2026Trial
- Changes in Donor Human Milk Use Among US Hospitals: 2018-2024.Pediatrics · 2025Article
- Perspective: Supporting Maternal Efforts to Provide Optimal Infant Nutrition in the Post-Partum Setting.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Physician personal breastfeeding experience and clinical care of the breastfeeding dyad.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesGuidelines encourage exclusive breastfeeding for healthy newborns but lack specificity regarding criteria for medically indicated supplementation, including type, timing, and best practices. We set out to describe practice patterns and provider perspectives regarding medically indicated supplementation of breastfeeding newborns across the United States.
methodsFrom 2017 to 2018, we surveyed the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns representative from each Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns hospital regarding practices related to medically indicated supplementation. We used descriptive statistics to compare practices between subgroups defined by breastfeeding prevalence and used qualitative methods and an inductive approach to describe provider opinions.
resultsOf 96 providers representing discrete hospitals eligible for the study, 71 participated (74% response rate). Practices related to criteria for supplementation and pumping and to type and caloric density of supplements varied widely between hospitals, especially for late preterm infants, whereas practices related to lactation consultant availability and hand expression education were more consistent. The most commonly reported criterion for initiating supplementation was weight loss of ≥10% from birth weight, and bottle-feeding was the most commonly reported method; however, practices varied widely. Donor milk use was reported at 20 (44%) hospitals with ≥81% breastfeeding initiation and 1 (4%) hospital with <80% breastfeeding initiation (
conclusionsStrategies related to supplementation vary among US hospitals. Donor milk availability is concentrated in hospitals with the highest prevalence of breastfeeding. Implementation of evidence-based management of supplementation among US hospitals has the potential to improve the care of term and late preterm newborns.
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Registered trials
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