Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32778160›Full record

ArticleInfectious diseases of poverty2020

Massive migration promotes the early spread of COVID-19 in China: a study based on a scale-free network.

Wen-Yu Song, Pan Zang, Zhong-Xing Ding, Xin-Yu Fang, Li-Guo Zhu, Ya Zhu, Chang-Jun Bao, Feng Chen, Ming Wu, Zhi-Hang Peng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious diseases of poverty, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Effects of official information and rumor on resource-epidemic coevolution dynamics.Journal of King Saud University. Computer and information sciences · 2022
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Pervasive systemic drivers underpin COVID-19 vulnerabilities in migrants.International journal for equity in health · 2021
    Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wen-Yu SongSchool of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Pan ZangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Zhong-Xing DingDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Xin-Yu FangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Li-Guo ZhuJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Ya ZhuInstitude of Healthy Jiangsu Development, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Chang-Jun BaoJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Feng ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Ming WuJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
Zhi-Hang PengDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China. zhihangpeng@njmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National S&T Major Project Foundation of China 2017ZX10201101, 2018ZX10715002Natural Science Foundation of China 81673275
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic met coincidentally with massive migration before Lunar New Year in China in early 2020. This study is to investigate the relationship between the massive migration and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China.

methodsThe epidemic data between January 25th and February 15th and migration data between Jan 1st and Jan 24th were collected from the official websites. Using the R package WGCNA, we established a scale-free network of the selected cities. Correlation analysis was applied to describe the correlation between the Spring Migration and COVID-19 epidemic.

resultsThe epidemic seriousness in Hubei (except the city of Wuhan) was closely correlated with the migration from Wuhan between January 10 and January 24, 2020. The epidemic seriousness in the other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions was largely affected by the immigration from Wuhan. By establishing a scale-free network of the regions, we divided the regions into two modules. The regions in the brown module consisted of three municipalities, nine provincial capitals and other 12 cities. The COVID-19 epidemics in these regions were more likely to be aggravated by migration.

conclusionsThe migration from Wuhan could partly explain the epidemic seriousness in Hubei Province and other regions. The scale-free network we have established can better evaluate the epidemic. Three municipalities (Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin), eight provincial capitals (including Nanjing, Changsha et al.) and 12 other cities (including Qingdao, Zhongshan, Shenzhen et al.) were hub cities in the spread of COVID-19 in China.

Indexed as

TravelBetacoronavirusChinaCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Emigration and ImmigrationEpidemicsHumansPandemicsPneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2COVID-19MigrationScale-free network

Identifiers

PMID32778160
PMCPMC7416814

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.