ArticleVision research2020
Effects of low intensity ambient lighting on refractive development in infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).
Article in Vision research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mouse predation is dependent on a population of POU6F2-positive retinal ganglion cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Ocular Component Growth From the Cornea to the Sclera in Non-Human Primate Emmetropization.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Mesopic Illumination in Natural Environments: Implications for Myopia Research.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Light intensity and light/dark cycles regulate refractive development and myopia in mice through circadian rhythm-related genes.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Review
- IMI: The Role of Light in Refractive Development and Myopia: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- Optical and Visual Diet in Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- Optic Nerve Head Morphology and Macula Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Axially Anisometropic Rhesus Monkeys.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Inner Retinal Microvasculature With Refraction in Juvenile Rhesus Monkeys.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Long-term blue light rearing does not affect in vivo retinal function in young rhesus monkeys.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2023Article
- GABABiomolecules · 2023Article
- Transient Eye Shortening During Reading Text With Inverted Contrast: Effects of Refractive Error and Letter Size.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- The effects of reduced ambient lighting on lens compensation in infant rhesus monkeys.Vision research · 2021Article
- The development of and recovery from form-deprivation myopia in infant rhesus monkeys reared under reduced ambient lighting.Vision research · 2021Article
- Long-Term Narrowband Lighting Influences Activity but Not Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cell-Driven Pupil Responses.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Visual information and the development/control of myopia: Insights from nonhuman primate experiences.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
- Light and myopia: from epidemiological studies to neurobiological mechanisms.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Studies in chickens suggest low intensity ambient lighting causes myopia. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of low intensity ambient lighting (dim light) on normal refractive development in macaque monkeys. Seven infant rhesus monkeys were reared under dim light (room illumination level: ~55 lx) from 24 to ~310 days of age with otherwise unrestricted vision. Refractive error, corneal power, ocular axial dimensions, and choroidal thickness were measured in anesthetized animals at the onset of the experiment and periodically throughout the dim-light-rearing period, and were compared with those of normal-light-reared monkeys. We found that dim light did not produce myopia; instead, dim-light monkeys were hyperopic relative to normal-light monkeys (median refractive errors at ~155 days, OD: +3.13 D vs. +2.31 D; OS: +3.31D vs. +2.44 D; at ~310 days, OD: +2.75D vs. +1.78D, OS: +3.00D vs. +1.75D). In addition, dim-light rearing caused sustained thickening in the choroid, but it did not alter corneal power development, nor did it change the axial nature of the refractive errors. These results showed that, for rhesus monkeys and possibly other primates, low ambient lighting by itself is not necessarily myopiagenic, but might compromise the efficiency of emmetropization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.