ArticleJournal of medical virology2021
Early administration of lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine does not alter the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of immunosuppression maintenance in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2021Pooled it
- Observational
- Major Bleeding Events in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Observational
- Observational
- Off-Label Use of Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Analysis of Reports of Suspected Adverse Reactions From the Italian National Network of Pharmacovigilance.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Mortality among Italians and immigrants with COVID-19 hospitalised in Milan, Italy: data from the Luigi Sacco Hospital registry.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Profile of New Quinoline Compounds in Cell Culture-Based Infection Models.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022Article
- Observational
- PD-1 blockade counteracts post-COVID-19 immune abnormalities and stimulates the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response.JCI insight · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2: Current trends in emerging variants, pathogenesis, immune responses, potential therapeutic, and vaccine development strategies.International immunopharmacology · 2021Review
- Remdesivir in moderate to severe COVID-19: A matter of time?Pharmacological research · 2021Article
- Antiviral Therapeutic Approaches for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Impact of gender on patients hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection: A prospective observational study.Journal of medical virology · 2021Observational
- Early administration of lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine does not alter the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- Retrospective analysis of the effect of current clinical medications and clinicopathological factors on viral shedding in COVID-19 patients.Biomedical reports · 2020Article
- Hydroxychloroquine is effective, and consistently so when provided early, for COVID-19: a systematic review.New microbes and new infections · 2020Review
- Directly Acting Antivirals for COVID-19: Where Do We Stand?Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As it has been shown that lopinavir (LPV) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have in vitro activity against coronaviruses, they were used to treat COVID-19 during the first wave of the epidemic in Lombardy, Italy. To compare the rate of clinical improvement between those who started LPV/ritonavir (LPV/r)+HCQ within 5 days of symptom onset (early treatment, ET) and those who started later (delayed treatment, DT). This was a retrospective intent-to-treat analysis of the hospitalized patients who started LPV/r + HCQ between 21 February and 20 March 2020. The association between the timing of treatment and the probability of 30-day mortality was assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic models. The study involved 172 patients: 43 (25%) in the ET and 129 (75%) in the DT group. The rate of clinical improvement increased over time to 73.3% on day 30, without any significant difference between the two groups (Gray's test P = .213). After adjusting for potentially relevant clinical variables, there was no significant association between the timing of the start of treatment and the probability of 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] ET vs DT = 1.45, 95% confidence interval 0.50-4.19). Eight percent of the patients discontinued the treatment becausebecause of severe gastrointestinal disorders attributable to LPV/r. The timing of the start of LPV/r + HCQ treatment does not seem to affect the clinical course of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Together with the severe adverse events attributable to LPV/r, this raises concerns about the benefit of using this combination to treat COVID-19.
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