ReviewJournal of current ophthalmology
Non-surgical Management Options of Intermittent Exotropia: A Literature Review.
Review in Journal of current ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A bibliometric analysis of strabismus (from 2004 to 2023).Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of alternate part-time patching and pencil push-up training for patients with intermittent exotropia.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Factors influencing the success of patch therapy in patients with intermittent exotropia: a retrospective case-control study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Long-Term Outcomes of Intermittent Exotropia: A Real-World Longitudinal Cohort Study of 415 Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Digital therapy using dichoptic visual perceptual learning to improve stereopsis in children with intermittent exotropia.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Combined bilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus Faden procedure in true divergence excess exotropia: a case report.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Pilot Study Comparing the Ocular Deviation Measures of Basic Intermittent Exotropia Using 2WIN-S and Prism Cover Test.The British and Irish orthoptic journal · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Surgical Outcomes after Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession in Children with Intermittent Exotropia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Analysis of Improvement Time and Influencing Factors of Diplopia after Intermittent Exotropia in Children.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
- Management of Intermittent exotropia in childhood: current concepts of the literature and the experts.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia · 2022Article
- Home-based perceptual learning augments high-frequency contrast sensitivity and stereopsis after esotropia surgery: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of optometryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo review current non-surgical management methods of intermittent exotropia (IXT) which is one of the most common types of childhood-onset exotropia.
methodsA search strategy was developed using a combination of the words IXT, divergence excess, non-surgical management, observation, overcorrecting minus lens therapy, patch/occlusion therapy, orthoptics/binocular vision therapy, and prism therapy to identify all articles in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus). To find more articles and to ensure that the databases were thoroughly searched, the reference lists of the selected articles were also reviewed from inception to June 2018 with no restrictions and filters.
resultsIXT is treated when binocular vision is impaired, or the patient is symptomatic. There are different surgical and non-surgical management strategies. Non-surgical treatment of IXT includes patch therapy, prism therapy, orthoptic sessions, and overcorrecting minus lens therapy. The objective of these treatments is to reduce the symptoms and the frequency of manifest deviation by decreasing the angle of deviation or enhancing the ability to control it.
conclusionsEvidence of the efficacy of non-surgical management options for IXT is not compelling. More comprehensive randomized controlled trial studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of these procedures and detect the most effective strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.