ArticleAIDS (London, England)2020
The effect of universal testing and treatment on HIV stigma in 21 communities in Zambia and South Africa.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01900977 (Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (PopART): A Cluster-randomized Trial of the Impact of a Combination Prevention Package on Population-level HIV Incidence in Zambia and South Africa
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- The association between HIV stigma and HIV incidence in the context of universal testing and treatment: analysis of data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Trial
- Depressive symptoms and HIV risk behaviours among adolescents enrolled in the HPTN071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Universal HIV testing and treatment and HIV stigma reduction: a comparative thematic analysis of qualitative data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in South Africa and Zambia.Sociology of health & illness · 2021Trial
- Long-term trends in HIV-related stigma among older adults with and without HIV: a cohort study from Mbarara, Uganda.The Gerontologist · 2026Article
- The adaptation and psychometric validation of a stigma measure for adults diagnosed with severe vision impairment in rural Mozambique.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Declining but increasingly concentrated HIV stigma in rural Uganda: population-based cohort study, 2014-2024.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with stigma among adults diagnosed with severe vision impairment in rural Mozambique.International health · 2025Article
- Disclosure and Experiences of HIV-Related Stigma among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV in South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk of burnout among HIV service providers in South Africa and Zambia: findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial.Human resources for health · 2024Article
- Associations between HIV stigma and health-related quality-of-life among people living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis of data from HPTN 071 (PopART).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Experiences of stigma and HIV care engagement in the context of Treat All in Rwanda: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- The effect of universal testing and treatment for HIV on health-related quality of life - An analysis of data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster randomised trial.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- "I was scared dating… who would take me with my status?"-Living with HIV in the era of UTT and U = U: A qualitative study in Johannesburg, South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Priorities for health and wellbeing for older people with and without HIV in Uganda: a qualitative methods study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- HIV-related stigma and discrimination among health care workers during early program decentralization in rural district Gunungkidul, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Predictors of Discrimination Towards People Living with HIV/AIDS Among People Aged 15-49 Years in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- HIV Stigma and Viral Suppression Among People Living With HIV in the Context of Universal Test and Treat: Analysis of Data From the HPTN 071 (PopART) Trial in Zambia and South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo assess the impact of a combination HIV prevention intervention including universal testing and treatment (UTT) on HIV stigma among people living with HIV, and among community members and health workers not living with HIV.
designThis HIV stigma study was nested in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial, a three-arm cluster randomised trial conducted between 2013 and 2018 in 21 urban/peri-urban communities (12 in Zambia and nine in South Africa).
methodsUsing an adjusted two-stage cluster-level analysis, controlling for baseline imbalances, we compared multiple domains of stigma between the trial arms at 36 months. Different domains of stigma were measured among three cohorts recruited across all study communities: 4178 randomly sampled adults aged 18-44 who were living with HIV, and 3487 randomly sampled adults and 1224 health workers who did not self-report living with HIV.
resultsPrevalence of any stigma reported by people living with HIV at 36 months was 20.2% in arm A, 26.1% in arm B, and 19.1% in arm C (adjusted prevalence ratio, A vs. C 1.01 95% CI 0.49-2.08, B vs. C 1.34 95% CI 0.65-2.75). There were no significant differences between arms in any other measures of stigma across all three cohorts. All measures of stigma reduced over time (0.2--4.1% reduction between rounds) with most reductions statistically significant.
conclusionWe found little evidence that UTT either increased or decreased HIV stigma measured among people living with HIV, or among community members or health workers not living with HIV. Stigma reduced over time, but slowly. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV NUMBER: NCT01900977.
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