ArticleJournal of Parkinson's disease2020
Pre-Movement Cortico-Muscular Dynamics Underlying Improved Parkinson Gait Initiation after Instructed Arm Swing.
Article in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered Neuromuscular Time-Frequency Organization During Sit-to-Walk in Parkinson's Disease: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach Using Surface Electromyography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Enhancing Hand Sensorimotor Function in Individuals with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Novel Tactile Discrimination Feedback Approach Using a Multiple-Baseline Design.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Investigating the cortical effect of false positive feedback on motor learning in motor imagery based rehabilitative BCI training.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Modulating arm swing via haptic cueing alters interlimb neural coupling in older adults.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson's Disease: From Underlying Mechanisms to Daily Clinical Practice.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Movement-related beta ERD and ERS abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- The Power of Musification: Sensor-Based Music Feedback Improves Arm Swing in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2021Article
- Intermuscular coherence analysis in older adults reveals that gait-related arm swing drives lower limb muscles via subcortical and cortical pathways.The Journal of physiology · 2021Article
- Amble Gait EEG Points at Complementary Cortical Networks Underlying Stereotypic Multi-Limb Co-ordination.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe supplementary motor area (SMA) is implicated in both motor initiation and stereotypic multi-limb movements such as walking with arm swing. Gait in Parkinson's disease exhibits starting difficulties and reduced arm swing, consistent with reduced SMA activity.
objectiveWe tested whether enhanced arm swing could improve Parkinson gait initiation and assessed whether increased SMA activity during preparation might facilitate such improvement.
methodsEffects of instructed arm swing on cortical activity, muscle activity and kinematics were assessed by ambulant EEG, EMG, accelerometers and video in 17 Parkinson patients and 19 controls. At baseline, all participants repeatedly started walking after a simple auditory cue. Next, patients started walking at this cue, which now meant starting with enhanced arm swing. EEG changes over the putative SMA and leg motor cortex were assessed by event related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis of recordings at Fz and Cz.
resultsOver the putative SMA location (Fz), natural PD gait initiation showed enhanced alpha/theta synchronization around the auditory cue, and reduced alpha/beta desynchronization during gait preparation and movement onset, compared to controls. Leg muscle activity in patients was reduced during preparation and movement onset, while the latter was delayed compared to controls. When starting with enhanced arm swing, these group differences virtually disappeared.
conclusionInstructed arm swing improves Parkinson gait initiation. ERSP normalization around the cue indicates that the attributed information may serve as a semi-internal cue, recruiting an internalized motor program to overcome initiation difficulties.
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