ArticleClinical oral investigations2021
Association between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease and its impact on the self-perceived oral health status: a case-control study.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Population attributable fractions of a wide range of peripheral diseases for the burden of dementia.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- The Effect of Periodontitis on Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- The Interface of Oral and Brain Health: Current Insights Into the Bidirectional Relationship Between Alzheimer's Disease and Periodontitis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Association between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease: A narrative review.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Regional Differences in the Prefrontal and Entorhinal Cortex of Alzheimer's Disease Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nitrate ameliorates alcohol-induced cognitive impairment via oral microbiota.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Ligature-induced periodontitis in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease dysregulates neuroinflammation, exacerbates cognitive impairment, and accelerates amyloid pathology.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Exploring the Link Between Periodontitis and Alzheimer's Disease-Could a Nanoparticulate Vaccine Break It?Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
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- Article
- Implications ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Cofilin 2 Acts as an Inflammatory Linker Between Chronic Periodontitis and Alzheimer's Disease in Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Mice.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Article
- U.S. state correlations between oral health metrics and Alzheimer's disease mortality, prevalence and subjective cognitive decline prevalence.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo test the hypothesis that periodontitis is associated with AD and search whether periodontal and other variables would negatively impact the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) perception. MATERIALS AND
methodsOral examinations and interview on self-perceived oral health status (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire (higher score corresponds to better perceived oral status)) were carried out and socio-demographic data were collected from outpatients with mild to moderate AD (cases, n = 50) and from their age- and sex-matched family caregivers (controls, n = 52). Full-mouth periodontal examination was performed. Significance of differences between groups was sought by chi-square, Student's t, or the Mann-Whitney test. The association between the variables periodontitis, probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm, and clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 5 mm with the variable group was tested in binary logistic regression models (LRMs). LRMs were used to test the association of oral findings, demographics, and group with GOHAI.
resultsCases had fewer teeth and greater CAL than controls. Cases had a superior percentage of sites with plaque, calculus, and bleeding on probing than controls. Cases had greater GOHAI scores than controls. Periodontitis was a variable most likely associated with AD (OR = 11.08, p < 0.001). None of the oral findings or demographics, but group, was associated with GOHAI (OR = 14.45, p < 0.001).
conclusionPeriodontitis is associated with AD, but not with patients' OHRQoL. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Health care professionals must be aware that AD patients should have a periodic thorough oral examination and preventive intervention aiming at their welfare and maintenance of a pain-free functional dentition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.