ReviewSchizophrenia bulletin2021
A Review of Multimodal Hallucinations: Categorization, Assessment, Theoretical Perspectives, and Clinical Recommendations.
Review in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Momentary dynamics of inner speech varieties, auditory verbal hallucinations, and affect in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: an experience sampling study.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Multimodal Hallucinations in Muslim Patients with Severe Psychotic Disorders: The Entity Experience Revisited.Psychopathology · 2026Article
- Visual Hallucinations in Serotonergic Psychedelics and Lewy Body Diseases.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Bodily Self-Disturbances and Hallucinations in Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Hearing voices and other altered perceptual experiences across psychotic, mood, and anxiety disorders: from phenomenology and mechanisms to future directions.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- The relationship between paracingulate sulcus length and visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease suggests a neurobiological predisposition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Disrupted functional brain network associated with presence of hallucinations in Parkinson's disease.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Theories of consciousness from the perspective of an embedded processes view.Psychological review · 2025Review
- Content-based clustering of hallucinations across sensory modalities in a large online survey.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- On the 'Hallucinations' of Artificial Intelligence and the Hallucination Experience in Human.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Enhancing Predictive Power: Integrating a Linear Support Vector Classifier with Logistic Regression for Patient Outcome Prognosis in Virtual Reality Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Visual phenomenology in schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder: an exploratory study.BJPsych open · 2022Article
- Article
- The phenomenology of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and the challenge from pseudohallucinations.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- MR-Spectroscopy of GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine Concentrations in Auditory Cortex in Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Individuals.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The feeling, embodiment and emotion of hallucinations in first episode psychosis: A prospective phenomenological visual-ecological study using novel multimodal unusual sensory experience (MUSE) maps.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2020Review
- Development of Voluntary Control Over Voice-Hearing Experiences: Evidence From Treatment-Seeking and Non-Treatment-Seeking Voice-Hearers.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 11 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hallucinations can occur in different sensory modalities, both simultaneously and serially in time. They have typically been studied in clinical populations as phenomena occurring in a single sensory modality. Hallucinatory experiences occurring in multiple sensory systems-multimodal hallucinations (MMHs)-are more prevalent than previously thought and may have greater adverse impact than unimodal ones, but they remain relatively underresearched. Here, we review and discuss: (1) the definition and categorization of both serial and simultaneous MMHs, (2) available assessment tools and how they can be improved, and (3) the explanatory power that current hallucination theories have for MMHs. Overall, we suggest that current models need to be updated or developed to account for MMHs and to inform research into the underlying processes of such hallucinatory phenomena. We make recommendations for future research and for clinical practice, including the need for service user involvement and for better assessment tools that can reliably measure MMHs and distinguish them from other related phenomena.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.