ArticleClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)2020
Anti-complement C5 therapy with eculizumab in three cases of critical COVID-19.
Article in Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Tissue factor in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy.Thrombosis research · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Shared inflammatory pathways and therapeutic strategies in COVID-19 and cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Pooled it
- Therapeutic Targeting of the Complement System: From Rare Diseases to Pandemics.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of the investigational complement C5 inhibitor zilucoplan in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: an open-label randomized controlled trial.Respiratory research · 2022Trial
- Complement blockade with eculizumab for treatment of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in pregnancy: A case series.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2022Trial
- Complement Overactivation and Consumption Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Complement in acute kidney injury: a convergent pathogenic pathway in multifactorial renal damage.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Liver as a key organ for systemic antimicrobial defense.Hepatology communications · 2025Review
- The endothelial-immunothrombotic storm in viral sepsis: lessons from COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccine Lipids Induce Complement Activation and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines: Mechanisms, Effects of Complement Inhibitors, and Relevance to Adverse Reactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Acute neutrophilic vasculitis (leukocytoclasia) in 36 COVID-19 autopsy brains.Diagnostic pathology · 2024Article
- Revisiting the interaction between complement lectin pathway protease MASP-2 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: A Case Report in a Pandemic Environment.Reports (MDPI) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 therapeutics: Clinical application of repurposed drugs and futuristic strategies for target-based drug discovery.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Complement and complement regulatory proteins are upregulated in lungs of COVID-19 patients.Pathology, research and practice · 2023Article
- Complement and COVID-19: Three years on, what we know, what we don't know, and what we ought to know.Immunobiology · 2023Review
- An overview on the treatments and prevention against COVID-19.Virology journal · 2023Review
- COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review on Cardiovascular Alterations, Immunity, and Therapeutics in Older Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory failure and acute kidney injury (AKI) are associated with high mortality in SARS-CoV-2-associated Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These manifestations are linked to a hypercoaguable, pro-inflammatory state with persistent, systemic complement activation. Three critical COVID-19 patients recalcitrant to multiple interventions had skin biopsies documenting deposition of the terminal complement component C5b-9, the lectin complement pathway enzyme MASP2, and C4d in microvascular endothelium. Administration of anti-C5 monoclonal antibody eculizumab led to a marked decline in D-dimers and neutrophil counts in all three cases, and normalization of liver functions and creatinine in two. One patient with severe heart failure and AKI had a complete remission. The other two individuals had partial remissions, one with resolution of his AKI but ultimately succumbing to respiratory failure, and another with a significant decline in FiO
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.