ArticleRespiratory research2020
Functional glutamate transporters are expressed in the carotid chemoreceptor.
Article in Respiratory research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood oxygen regulation via P2Y12R expressed in the carotid body.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Influence of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission on obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- The Carotid Body "Tripartite Synapse": Role of Gliotransmission.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Hypoxia releases S-nitrosocysteine from carotid body glomus cells-relevance to expression of the hypoxic ventilatory response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Neurochemical Anatomy of the Mammalian Carotid Body.Advances in anatomy, embryology, and cell biology · 2023Article
- Expression of group II and III mGluRs in the carotid body and its role in the carotid chemoreceptor response to acute hypoxia.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Cellular basis of learning and memory in the carotid body.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2022Review
- Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors 1 Regulates Rat Carotid Body Response to Acute HypoxiaFrontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe carotid body (CB) plays a critical role in cyclic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced chemosensitivity; however, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. We have demonstrated the presence of multiple inotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in CB, and that CIH exposure alters the level of some iGluRs in CB. This result implicates glutamatergic signaling in the CB response to hypoxia. The glutamatergic neurotransmission is not only dependent on glutamate and glutamate receptors, but is also dependent on glutamate transporters, including vesicular glutamate transporters (VGluTs) and excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). Here, we have further assessed the expression and distribution of VGluTs and EAATs in human and rat CB and the effect of CIH exposure on glutamate transporters expression.
methodsThe mRNA of VGluTs and EAATs in the human CB were detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of VGluTs and EAATs in the human and rat CB were detected by Western blot. The distribution of VGluT3, EAAT2 and EAAT3 were observed by immunohistochemistry staining and immunofluorescence staining. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to CIH (FIO
resultsHere, we report on the presence of mRNAs for VGluT1-3 and EAAT1-3 in human CB, which is consistent with our previous results in rat CB. The proteins of VGluT1 and 3, EAAT2 and 3, but not VGluT2 and EAAT1, were detected with diverse levels in human and rat CB. Immunostaining showed that VGluT3, the major type of VGluTs in CB, was co-localized with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in type I cells. EAAT2 and EAAT3 were distributed not only in type I cells, but also in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive type II cells. Moreover, we found that exposure of SD rats to CIH enhanced the protein level of EAAT3 as well as TH, but attenuated the levels of VGluT3 and EAAT2 in CB.
conclusionsOur study suggests that glutamate transporters are expressed in the CB, and that glutamate transporters may contribute to glutamatergic signaling-dependent carotid chemoreflex to CIH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.