ReviewKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2021
Distal avulsion of reconstituted hamstring tendons.
Review in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repair of Distal Biceps Femoris Avulsion and Lateral Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: Surgical Pearls.Arthroscopy techniques · 2026Article
- Rehabilitation Following a Distal Semitendinosus Excision in a Collegiate American Football Player: A Resident's Case Report.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2026Article
- Distal Hamstring Injuries and Disorders.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Surgical Tenodesis for Treatment of Distal Semitendinosus Hamstring Tendon Injuries.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
- Surgical Repair of Distal Biceps Femoris Avulsion Injuries in Professional Athletes.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHamstring tendon autograft (semitendinosus and gracilis) is the most commonly used graft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Distal hamstring tendons avulsion is a rare condition, and this paper describes a previously unreported injury, local management of this rare injury pattern, and the existing literature regarding treatment options.
methodsTwo cases are presented of distal hamstring avulsion from the tibia of reconstituted tendons, together with additional 12 cases of distal hamstrings tendon avulsion. Functional outcomes following treatment of this injury are presented, together with a literature review of management options.
resultsEarly surgical reattachment using suture anchor fixation was performed and excellent results were achieved in 93% of cases (13 out of 14 patients). Patient-reported outcome measures demonstrated a median Marx score 14.5 (IQR 4) and median SHORE score 34.5 (IQR 4). The mean time to surgery was 22 days (range 5-60), with mean time to return to sport at pre-injury level 5.5 months (range 2.5-12).
conclusionsDistal hamstring tendon avulsion is a rare condition, with no consensus regarding optimal management options. Acute surgical repair leads to excellent results, with a return to pre-injury level of sporting activity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.