ArticleHuman molecular genetics2020
Medical and neurobehavioural phenotypes in male and female carriers of Xp22.31 duplications in the UK Biobank.
Article in Human molecular genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Steroid Sulfatase Deficiency: Clinical Manifestations and Psychological Aspects in Light of Current Evidence.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- Cardiac arrhythmia, developmental delay, epilepsy and ichthyosis due to Xp22.31 deletion: review of literature and case report.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Prevalence of CNVs on the X chromosome in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders.Molecular cytogenetics · 2025Article
- Integration of molecular diagnostics and karyotyping for enhanced detection of chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Genetic analysis of seven patients with inherited ichthyosis and Nagashima‑type palmoplantar keratoderma.Molecular medicine reports · 2024Article
- Characterising heart rhythm abnormalities associated with Xp22.31 deletion.Journal of medical genetics · 2023Article
- Pitfalls of whole exome sequencing in undefined clinical conditions with a suspected genetic etiology.Genes & genomics · 2023Article
- Xp22.31 copy number variations in 87 fetuses: refined genotype-phenotype correlations by prenatal and postnatal follow-up.BMC medical genomics · 2023Article
- Genetic and Epigenetic Sexual Dimorphism of Brain Cells during Aging.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Microdeletions and microduplications linked to severe congenital disorders in infertile men.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Extended application of BACs-on-Beads technique in prenatal diagnosis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
- Maternal Copy Number Imbalances in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: Do They Matter?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Deletions spanning the STS (steroid sulfatase) gene at Xp22.31 are associated with X-linked ichthyosis, corneal opacities, testicular maldescent, cardiac arrhythmia, and higher rates of developmental and mood disorders/traits, possibly related to the smaller volume of some basal ganglia structures. The consequences of duplication of the same genomic region have not been systematically assessed in large or adult samples, although evidence from case reports/series has indicated high rates of developmental phenotypes. We compared multiple measures of physical and mental health, cognition and neuroanatomy in male (n = 414) and female (n = 938) carriers of 0.8-2.5 Mb duplications spanning STS, and non-carrier male (n = 192, 826) and female (n = 227, 235) controls from the UK Biobank (recruited aged 40-69 from the UK general population). Clinical and self-reported diagnoses indicated a higher prevalence of inguinal hernia and mania/bipolar disorder respectively in male duplication carriers, and a higher prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and blistering/desquamating skin disorder respectively in female duplication carriers; duplication carriers also exhibited reductions in several depression-related measures, and greater happiness. Cognitive function and academic achievement did not differ between comparison groups. Neuroanatomical analysis suggested greater lateral ventricle and putamen volume in duplication carriers. In conclusion, Xp22.31 duplications appear largely benign, but could slightly increase the likelihood of specific phenotypes (although results were only nominally-significant). In contrast to deletions, duplications might protect against depressive symptoms, possibly via higher STS expression/activity (resulting in elevated endogenous free steroid levels), and through contributing towards an enlarged putamen volume. These results should enable better genetic counselling of individuals with Xp22.31 microduplications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.