ArticlePain reports
Predicting poor postoperative acute pain outcome in adults: an international, multicentre database analysis of risk factors in 50,005 patients.
Article in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07291388 (Effectiveness of Retrolaminar Block in Reducing Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Fusion With Multimodal Analgesia), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of Retrolaminar Block in Reducing Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Fusion With Multimodal Analgesia
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Digital Exercise Therapy on the Pain and Physical Function of Patients With Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
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- Regional anaesthesia for postoperative pain management following laparoscopic, visceral, non-oncological surgery a systematic review and meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of memantine and vitamin C in postoperative pain management: a randomized clinical trial.Pain management · 2025Trial
- Psychophysical predictors of experimental muscle pain intensity following fatiguing calf exercise.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Explainable Machine Learning Models for Predicting Functional and Pain Recovery After Fragility Fracture Surgery.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prognostic Factors for Postoperative Complications. An Aggregate Protocol for 10 Observational Studies From the Danish TRIPLE-A Cohort of 1.2 Million Surgeries.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- A Prediction model for moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial ambulatory surgery.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- C-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CCL12) is a critical chemokine driving postoperative pain.Pain · 2026Article
- The effect of early postoperative acute pain on postoperative delirium in older persons undergoing abdominal surgery: a secondary analysis of multicenter prospective data.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Associations of baseline characteristics, patient-reported outcomes, and satisfaction with pain therapy with the patient's global impression of change: a prospective cohort study.British journal of anaesthesia · 2026Observational
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- Venous Cannulation Pain as a Marker of Postoperative Pain Vulnerability: A Pre-Specified Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
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- Association between BDNF/CB1R expression and postoperative pain and recovery in patients with preoperative sleep disorders.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Predicting acute postsurgical pain in the postanesthesia care unit: risk tool development and internal validation.Pain reports · 2025Article
- Influence of Social Support on Peri-Operative Pain: A Secondary Sub-Sample Analysis of a Prospective Observational Trial.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Perioperative Quality Initiative consensus statement recommendations on the definition, development, implementation and outcomes of pre-operative surgery schools.Anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Article
- International Pain Outcomes (IPO) - Brazilian Portuguese version: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to determine simple risk factors for severe pain intensity (≥7 points on a numeric rating scale [NRS]), to analyse their relation to other patient-reported outcome measures and to develop a simple prediction model.
methodsWe used data from 50,005 patients from the PAIN-OUT project. Within a first data set (n = 33,667), relevant risk factors were identified by logistic binary regression analysis, assessed for additional patient-reported outcome measures beyond pain intensity and summed up for developing a simple risk score. Finally, sum of factors was plotted against postoperative pain outcomes within a validation data set (n = 16,338).
resultsOdds ratios (OR) for the following risk factors were identified: younger age (<54 years, OR: 1.277), preoperative chronic pain at the site of surgery (OR: 1.195), female sex (OR: 1.433), duration of surgery (>90 minutes, OR: 1.308), preoperative opioid intake (OR: 1.250), feeling anxious (OR: 1.239) and feeling helpless due to pain (OR: 1.198), and the country of the recruiting centre (OR: 1.919). Patients with ≥3 risk factors had more severe pain intensity scores, spent a longer time in severe pain, and wished to have received more pain treatment (
conclusionsPatients with ≥3 risk factors are at higher risk for poor postoperative acute pain outcome after surgery. Future studies using this score might show that preventive strategies might decrease pain intensity, pain-related postoperative dysfunction, and the development of chronic pain.
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