ReviewFrontiers in neurology2020
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myasthenia Gravis.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Double-seronegative myasthenia gravis: clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes - a systematic review of case reports and case series.BMC neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the etiology of myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis with Myositis/Myasthenia Gravis Overlap Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Cases.The oncologist · 2021Pooled it
- Triple M overlap syndrome in the intensive care unit: differential diagnosis and management.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Case Report: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis, myositis, and myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome with flow cytometric phenotyping before and after treatment in a patient with urothelial carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Case Report and literature review: immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myasthenia gravis and myocarditis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Case Report: Immunotherapy-induced myocarditis requiring pacemaker insertion in an older adult. what happens if we rechallenge?Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Personalized therapies in advanced BRAFV600-mutated melanoma: review based on 3 case reports of the REMINISCENCE project.Melanoma management · 2025Review
- Pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis: A rare immune-related adverse event in a patient treated for bladder cancer.Urology case reports · 2025Article
- Pembrolizumab-induced myocarditis, myositis, and myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome (IM3OS) treated with Efgartigimod: case report.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Eculizumab as rescue therapy for relapse of myasthenia gravis after immune-checkpoint inhibitors: a case report.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis: A Single Center Observational Registry.Clinical cardiology · 2025Observational
- Comparative efficacy and safety of first‑line PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in immunotherapy for non‑small cell lung cancer: A network meta‑analysis.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Article
- Pembrolizumab-induced simultaneous and multiple immune-related adverse events including myasthenia gravis, myositis, hepatitis, and pityriasis lichenoides in a non-small cell lung cancer patient.Archive of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Myasthenia Gravis-Like Symptoms Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Management of immune-related myocarditis, myositis and myasthenia gravis (MMM) overlap syndrome: a single institution case series and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis with isolated diaphragmatic involvement in a lung cancer patient: a case report.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myopathy: The Double-Edged Sword of Cancer Immunotherapy.Neurology · 2024Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been a major breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. The increasing use of ICIs has led to the discovery of a broad spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Immune-related myasthenia gravis (irMG) is a rare but life-threatening irAE. In this review, the clinical presentations of irMG are described and the risk of irMG-related mortality is examined using information from relevant studies. In 47 reported cases of irMG with clear causes of mortality, irMG appeared to be a distinct category of neuromuscular disorders and differed from classical MG in terms of its demographic patient characteristics, pathogenesis, serology profile, response to treatment, associated complications, and prognosis. Because of the high mortality of irMG, measures to increase the vigilance of medical teams are necessary to ensure the timely identification of the signs of irMG and early treatment, particularly in the early course of ICI therapy. The diagnostic plans should be comprehensive and include the evaluation of other organ systems, such as the dermatological, gastrointestinal, respiratory, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular systems, in addition to the traditional diagnostic tests for MG. Treatment plans should be individualized on the basis of the extent of organ involvement and clinical severity. Additional therapeutic studies on irMG in the future are required to minimize irAE-related mortality and increase the safety of patients with cancer in the ICI era.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.