ArticleNature and science of sleep2020
Enhancing Slow Oscillations and Increasing N3 Sleep Proportion with Supervised, Non-Phase-Locked Pink Noise and Other Non-Standard Auditory Stimulation During NREM Sleep.
Article in Nature and science of sleep, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review: auditory stimulation and sleep.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Acoustic stimulation as a promising technique to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: results of a pilot study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Trial
- Trait anxiety selectively amplifies reward learning under uncertainty, while N3 sleep attenuates it.iScience · 2026Article
- Daily associations between the physical environment and sleep among a diverse, national sample of young adults.Sleep health · 2026Article
- SleepPACNet: new convolutional neural network considering phase-amplitude coupling for automatic sleep stage classification using single-channel electroencephalogram.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Impact and efficacy of sound machine on sleep in hospitalized adults: A systematic review.Sleep medicine: X · 2025Review
- Lack variation of low slow-wave activity over time in the frontal region in NREM sleep may be associated with dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Objective sleep characteristics and hypertension: a community-based cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Performance of an open machine learning model to classify sleep/wake from actigraphy across ∼24-hour intervals without knowledge of rest timing.Sleep health · 2023Article
- Overnight exposure to pink noise could jeopardize sleep-dependent insight and pattern detection.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Updated Review of the Acoustic Modulation of Sleep: Current Perspectives and Emerging Concepts.Nature and science of sleep · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage 3 sleep (N3), phase-locked pink noise auditory stimulation can amplify slow oscillatory activity (0.5-1 Hz). Open-loop pink noise auditory stimulation can amplify slow oscillatory and delta frequency activity (0.5-4 Hz). We assessed the ability of pink noise and other sounds to elicit delta power, slow oscillatory power, and N3 sleep. PARTICIPANTS AND
methodsParticipants (
resultsTotal sleep time did not differ between conditions. Percentage of N3 was higher in the Enhancing condition, and lower in the Disruptive condition, versus Sham. Standard 0.8 Hz pink noise elicited low-frequency power more effectively than other pink noise, but was not the most effective stimulus. Both pink noise on the "Enhancing" night and sounds intended to Disrupt sleep administered on the "Disruptive" night increased momentary delta and slow-wave activity (ie, during stimulation versus the immediate pre-stimulation period). Disruptive auditory stimulation degraded sleep with frequent arousals and increased next-day vigilance lapses versus Sham despite preserved sleep duration and momentary increases in delta and slow-wave activity.
conclusionThese findings emphasize sound features of interest in ecologically valid, translational auditory intervention to increase restorative sleep. Preserving sleep continuity should be a primary consideration if auditory stimulation is used to enhance slow-wave activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.