ArticleJournal of pain research2020
The Interaction Between Spinal PDGFRβ and μ Opioid Receptor in the Activation of Microglia in Morphine-Tolerant Rats.
Article in Journal of pain research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Narrative review of the scientific and methodological explanations for 101 mechanisms of opioid tolerance.Pain reports · 2025Article
- The therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in morphine tolerance: targeting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- The effect of cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist on morphine tolerance.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Mu-opioid receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase crosstalk: Implications in mechanisms of opioid tolerance, reduced analgesia to neuropathic pain, dependence, and reward.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Review
- Buprenorphine alters microglia and astrocytes acutely following diffuse traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeOpioid tolerance remains a challenging problem, which limits prolonged drug usage in clinics. Previous studies have shown a fundamental role of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β submit (PDGFRβ) in morphine tolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of spinal PDGFRβ activation in morphine tolerance.
methodsRats were treated with morphine for 7 days and the effect of drug was evaluated by tail-flick latency test. By using Western blot and real-time PCR, the interaction between μ opioid receptor (MOR) and PDGFRβ in microglia activation, as well as related signaling pathways during morphine tolerance were investigated.
resultsChronic PDGFRβ agonist could induce microglia activation in spinal cord and decrease the analgesic effect of morphine. PDGFRβ inhibitor suppressed microglia activation during the development of morphine tolerance. Furthermore, antagonizing MOR could effectively inhibit the phosphorylations of PDGFRβ and JNK. Blocking PDGFRβ had no influence on JNK signaling, while JNK inhibitor could decrease the phosphorylation of PDGFRβ.
conclusionThese results provide direct evidence that repeatedly activating MOR by morphine could induce the transactivation of PDGFRβ via JNK MAPK in spinal cord, which leads to microglia activation during the development of morphine tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.