ReviewNutrients2020
The Relationship between Choline Bioavailability from Diet, Intestinal Microbiota Composition, and Its Modulation of Human Diseases.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of egg consumption on circulating choline, betaine, and trimethylamine n-oxide in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of prebiotics and phytochemicals on serum trimethylamine N-oxide reduction and gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Modulating effects of microbiota on synbiotic intervention outcomes for microbiota-derived trimethylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide and indoxyl sulfate in healthy young medical students: insights from a 12-week randomized clinical trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- Impact of Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Trimethylamine N-Oxide Metabolism in Women with Obesity.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Article
- Review
- Transcriptomic changes in embryonic blood of subsequent generations following in ovo stimulation with nutriepigenetic factors.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Valorization of By-Products for Functional Ingredients in Meat and Meat Replacers: A Circular Bioeconomy Approach.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Protein Paradox: Protein Quality Based on Amino Acids Composition is Poorly Associated with Health Outcomes.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Gut metabolite TMAO and its structural analogs bind to fibrinogen thereby enhancing clot formation: a rationale for atherosclerosis risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Dietary Choline Intake and Cognitive Function in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2011-2014 NHANES Cycle.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Higher dietary choline and betaine intakes are associated with lower likelihood of central nervous system demyelination in Australian women.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- From Gut to Brain: Glyphosate and Triclosan Impair Microbiome Composition, Neuroactive Metabolites, and Cognitive and Ecological Fitness inEnvironmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Characterization of dietary choline uptake by the gut microbiome reveals choline assimilating microbes and influences on host choline metabolism.Research square · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis and intervention strategies for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease from the perspective of the gut-microbiota-liver axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Beneficial impacts of postbiotic components -- Crosstalk between gut and organs.Current research in food science · 2026Review
- Article
- Maternal cafeteria diet and methyl donor supplementation modulate gut microbiota and anxiety-like behavior in male offspring.Food & nutrition research · 2026Article
- Preksha Dhyana meditation modulates the serum metabolome in healthy and meditation-naïve participants.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Choline is a water-soluble nutrient essential for human life. Gut microbial metabolism of choline results in the production of trimethylamine (TMA), which, upon absorption by the host is converted into trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in the liver. A high accumulation of both components is related to cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between the microbiota production of these components and its impact on these diseases still remains unknown. In this review, we will address which microbes contribute to TMA production in the human gut, the extent to which host factors (e.g., the genotype) and diet affect TMA production, and the colonization of these microbes and the reversal of dysbiosis as a therapy for these diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.