Trial reporteNeuro
θ-γ Cross-Frequency Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation over the Trough Impairs Cognitive Control.
Trial report in eNeuro. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Distinct neural oscillations predict individual differences in feedback-guided cognitive flexibility.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Phase-lagged tACS between executive and default mode networks modulates working memory.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- What can neurofeedback and transcranial alternating current stimulation reveal about cross-frequency coupling?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Transsynaptic modulation of cerebellar nuclear cells: theta AC-burst stimulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2024Article
- Theta-gamma-coupling as predictor of working memory performance in young and elderly healthy people.Molecular brain · 2024Article
- Transcranial alternating current stimulation in affecting cognitive impairment in psychiatric disorders: a review.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Review
- Prefrontal theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation improves non-declarative visuomotor learning in older adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation for the Modulation of Aggressive Behavior-A Systematic Review of Randomized Sham-Controlled Studies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Amplitude modulating frequency overrides carrier frequency in tACS-induced phosphene percept.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Cross-Frequency Coupling and Intelligent Neuromodulation.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Review
- 10 Minutes Frontal 40 Hz tACS-Effects on Working Memory Tested by Luck-Vogel Task.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Reward-Based Decision-Making Engages Distinct Modes of Cross-Frequency Coupling.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2022Article
- Neurodynamic correlates for the cross-frequency coupled transcranial alternating current stimulation during working memory performance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Working Memory and Transcranial-Alternating Current Stimulation-State of the Art: Findings, Missing, and Challenges.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Targeting neural oscillations with transcranial alternating current stimulation.Brain research · 2021Review
- Causal role of cross-frequency coupling in distinct components of cognitive control.Progress in neurobiology · 2021Article
- Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Neurofeedback on Alpha (EEG) Dynamics: A Review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Review
- Working Memory and Cross-Frequency Coupling of Neuronal Oscillations.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cognitive control is a mental process, which underlies adaptive goal-directed decisions. Previous studies have linked cognitive control to electrophysiological fluctuations in the θ band and θ-γ cross-frequency coupling (CFC) arising from the cingulate and frontal cortices. However, to date, the behavioral consequences of different forms of θ-γ CFC remain elusive. Here, we studied the behavioral effects of the θ-γ CFC via transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) designed to stimulate the frontal and cingulate cortices in humans. Using a double-blind, randomized, repeated measures study design, 24 healthy participants were subjected to three active and one control CFC-tACS conditions. In the active conditions, 80-Hz γ tACS was coupled to 4-Hz θ tACS. Specifically, in two of the active conditions, short γ bursts were coupled to the delivered θ cycle to coincide with either its peaks or troughs. In the third active condition, the phase of a θ cycle modulated the amplitude of the γ oscillation. In the fourth, control protocol, 80-Hz tACS was continuously superimposed over the 4-Hz tACS, therefore lacking any phase specificity in the CFC. During the 20 min of stimulation, the participants performed a Go/NoGo monetary reward-based and punishment-based instrumental learning task. A Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression analysis revealed that relative to the control, the peak-coupled tACS had no effects on the behavioral performance, whereas the trough-coupled tACS and, to a lesser extent, amplitude-modulated tACS reduced performance in conflicting trials. Our results suggest that cognitive control depends on the phase specificity of the θ-γ CFC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.